CAJ | 학술논문

通过野外采样和室内分析，研究了植烟土壤中As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb、Zn的有效态含量特征及其影响因素。结果表明，植烟土壤中8种重金属的有效态平均含量分别为0.92、0.075、0.75、1.62、0.004、1.89、1.14、1.94 mg·kg-1；重金属有效态含量属于中等变异，变异系数在48.97%~95.64%之间，其中尤以有效Hg和Pb变化最为明显，分别为95.64%和90.56%，元素分布极为不均。相关分析表明有效As、Cd、Ni、Pb、Zn与8种元素中大部分元素都呈现较高的相关性，是伴随污染较多的元素，而有效Cr与其他元素的相关性很弱；主成分分析反映了土壤重金属有效性受工业和生活污染、农业污染和大气沉降污染影响较明显。通过分析有效态重金属与土壤pH和有机质的相关性发现，有效Cd、Pb与土壤pH呈极显著性负相关，有效Cr与pH呈显著性负相关；有效Cd、Pb与有机质呈极显著性正相关，有效As、Zn和Ni与有机质呈显著性正相关。
통과야외채양화실내분석，연구료식연토양중As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb、Zn적유효태함량특정급기영향인소。결과표명，식연토양중8충중금속적유효태평균함량분별위0.92、0.075、0.75、1.62、0.004、1.89、1.14、1.94 mg·kg-1；중금속유효태함량속우중등변이，변이계수재48.97%~95.64%지간，기중우이유효Hg화Pb변화최위명현，분별위95.64%화90.56%，원소분포겁위불균。상관분석표명유효As、Cd、Ni、Pb、Zn여8충원소중대부분원소도정현교고적상관성，시반수오염교다적원소，이유효Cr여기타원소적상관성흔약；주성분분석반영료토양중금속유효성수공업화생활오염、농업오염화대기침강오염영향교명현。통과분석유효태중금속여토양pH화유궤질적상관성발현，유효Cd、Pb여토양pH정겁현저성부상관，유효Cr여pH정현저성부상관；유효Cd、Pb여유궤질정겁현저성정상관，유효As、Zn화Ni여유궤질정현저성정상관。
Research has showed that total contents of heavy metals in soils are not a good indicator of their eco-environmental impacts. Here availability of heavy metals including As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn in 440 tobacco grown soils was investigated and possible sources of heavy metals were also explored. The average available concentrations of heavy metals were 0.92, 0.075, 0.75, 1.62, 0.004, 1.89, 1.14 mg· kg-1, and 1.94 mg·kg-1 for As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn, respectively. The coefficient of variation(CV)of heavy metal contents ranged from 48.97%to 95.64%, with the greatest variation for Hg and Pb(CV was 95.64%and 90.56%, respectively). These data suggested that available Hg and Pb in soils were largely influenced by human activities, causing extremely uneven distribution. Each of available As, Cd, Ni, Pb, and Zn was highly correlated with most of these 8 elements, implying that they had common sources;while available Cr had very weak correlation with other metals, showing its unique sources. Principal component analysis showed that the availability of heavy metals was strongly influenced by industrial and agricultural sources as well as atmospheric deposition. In addition, soil properties influenced metal availability:soil pH was significantly negatively correlated with available Cd and Pb(P﹤0.01)and available Cr(P﹤0.05);soil organic matter had significantly positive correlation with available Cd and Pb(P﹤0.01), and available As, Zn and Ni(P﹤0.05), implying that soil organic matter was an important factor influencing the availability of heavy metals.