石油钻探技术
石油鑽探技術
석유찬탐기술
PETROLEUM DRILLING TECHNIQUES
2014年
4期
42-47
,共6页
周成香%周玉仓%李双明%胡圆圆
週成香%週玉倉%李雙明%鬍圓圓
주성향%주옥창%리쌍명%호원원
页岩气井%压裂%射孔参数%酸处理%滑溜水%川东南地区
頁巖氣井%壓裂%射孔參數%痠處理%滑霤水%川東南地區
혈암기정%압렬%사공삼수%산처리%활류수%천동남지구
shale gas well%fracturing%perforating parameter%acid treatment%slick water%southeastern Sichuan
为实现川东南超深页岩储层有效改造，并最大限度地降低压裂施工压力，提出了优选射孔参数、进行压前酸液预处理、设计降阻率高的滑溜水体系及采用前置粉砂段塞技术等技术对策。通过分析和计算，采用φ89 mm射孔枪配合SDP40HMX288射孔弹，60°相位和18孔/m的孔密进行射孔。利用川东南超深页岩储层的岩心进行了溶蚀试验，根据试验结果结合地层特点确定了15.0％ HCl＋1.5％ HF＋2.0％高温缓蚀剂＋1.5％铁离子稳定剂的酸液配方。根据地层特征，通过室内试验优选了配方为0.2％高效减阻剂SRFR 1＋0.3％复合防膨剂＋0.1％复合增效剂＋0.02％消泡剂的滑溜水，其性能稳定，易返排，黏度约9～12 m Pa · s ，降阻率大于75％，对地层的伤害率小于10％。现场应用表明：采用优化后的射孔参数进行射孔，可以满足降低孔眼摩阻的要求；应用优选的酸液进行压前预处理，施工压力降低10～15 M Pa；采用前置粉砂段塞技术，可以有效降低裂缝弯曲摩阻，达到降低施工压力的目的。这表明，采用提出的技术对策可以降低川东南超深页岩气井压裂施工压力。
為實現川東南超深頁巖儲層有效改造，併最大限度地降低壓裂施工壓力，提齣瞭優選射孔參數、進行壓前痠液預處理、設計降阻率高的滑霤水體繫及採用前置粉砂段塞技術等技術對策。通過分析和計算，採用φ89 mm射孔鎗配閤SDP40HMX288射孔彈，60°相位和18孔/m的孔密進行射孔。利用川東南超深頁巖儲層的巖心進行瞭溶蝕試驗，根據試驗結果結閤地層特點確定瞭15.0％ HCl＋1.5％ HF＋2.0％高溫緩蝕劑＋1.5％鐵離子穩定劑的痠液配方。根據地層特徵，通過室內試驗優選瞭配方為0.2％高效減阻劑SRFR 1＋0.3％複閤防膨劑＋0.1％複閤增效劑＋0.02％消泡劑的滑霤水，其性能穩定，易返排，黏度約9～12 m Pa · s ，降阻率大于75％，對地層的傷害率小于10％。現場應用錶明：採用優化後的射孔參數進行射孔，可以滿足降低孔眼摩阻的要求；應用優選的痠液進行壓前預處理，施工壓力降低10～15 M Pa；採用前置粉砂段塞技術，可以有效降低裂縫彎麯摩阻，達到降低施工壓力的目的。這錶明，採用提齣的技術對策可以降低川東南超深頁巖氣井壓裂施工壓力。
위실현천동남초심혈암저층유효개조，병최대한도지강저압렬시공압력，제출료우선사공삼수、진행압전산액예처리、설계강조솔고적활류수체계급채용전치분사단새기술등기술대책。통과분석화계산，채용φ89 mm사공창배합SDP40HMX288사공탄，60°상위화18공/m적공밀진행사공。이용천동남초심혈암저층적암심진행료용식시험，근거시험결과결합지층특점학정료15.0％ HCl＋1.5％ HF＋2.0％고온완식제＋1.5％철리자은정제적산액배방。근거지층특정，통과실내시험우선료배방위0.2％고효감조제SRFR 1＋0.3％복합방팽제＋0.1％복합증효제＋0.02％소포제적활류수，기성능은정，역반배，점도약9～12 m Pa · s ，강조솔대우75％，대지층적상해솔소우10％。현장응용표명：채용우화후적사공삼수진행사공，가이만족강저공안마조적요구；응용우선적산액진행압전예처리，시공압력강저10～15 M Pa；채용전치분사단새기술，가이유효강저렬봉만곡마조，체도강저시공압력적목적。저표명，채용제출적기술대책가이강저천동남초심혈암기정압렬시공압력。
In order to effectively stimulate the ultra-deep shale reservoirs in southeastern Sichuan and minimize the fracturing pressure ,some technical solutions were proposed ,such as optimization of perfora-tion parameters ,acid pretreatment before fracturing ,design of slick water system with high friction reduc-ing rate ,and application of lead silt slug techniques .Through analysis and calculation ,it was decided to use the φ89 mm perforating gun with type SDP40HMX28 8 charges for perforation at 18 shots/m and phase 60° .Based on core dissolution tests and characteristics of such ultra-deep shale reservoirs ,a formula of 15.0% HCl+1.5% HF+2.0% HT corrosion inhibitor+1.5% ferric ion stabilizer was determined .Ac-cording to the stratigraphic characteristics ,a laboratory experiment was performed and it revealed a slick water system consisting of 0.2% efficient friction reducer SRFR 1+0.3% compound anti-swelling agent+0.1% compound synergist + 0 .02% defoamer ,which is stable and easy to flowback ,with viscosity of a-bout 9 12 mPa · s ,friction reducing rate than 75% and formation damage less than 10% .Field application showed that the optimized perforation parameters could meet the requirement for perforation friction reduc-tion ;acid pretreatment before fracturing enabled the pressure reduced by 10 15 M Pa;the lead silt slug tech-nique could effectively reduce the friction due to fractures curvature ,thereby reducing the fracturing pres-sure .It showed that these technical solutions could help to reduce the fracturing pressure in ultra-deep shale gas wells in the southeastern Sichuan .
