CAJ | 학술논문

桂中坳陷上古生界中、下泥盆统以及下石炭统页岩具有良好的生烃及储集条件，但受多期构造运动改造，页岩气保存条件复杂。从宏观和微观分析入手，对该区上古生界页岩气保存条件进行综合评价，预测其勘探潜力及有利勘探区。在野外地质调查的基础上，结合钻井资料、镜质体反射率、粘土矿物X-射线衍射、泥页岩物性分析数据以及构造演化史和埋藏史-热史恢复，从盖层封闭性、断裂和抬升剥蚀作用影响等方面评价了桂中坳陷上古生界页岩气保存条件。结果表明：桂中坳陷中泥盆统泥页岩沉积厚度大（暗色泥页岩厚250～650 m）、分布连续且韧性和微观封闭性较好，可作为页岩气直接和区域盖层；下石炭统虽然分布局限，但韧性和封闭性好，可作为局部盖层；燕山期为研究区主要变形期，大量叠瓦状逆冲断裂和高角度逆冲断层在此时发育，对现今残存的页岩气藏分布格局起着决定性影响，坳陷中、西部遭受的构造改造相对较弱；强烈的剥蚀作用破坏了页岩气的保存，但坳陷中、西部地区剥蚀程度较小。总之，桂中坳陷中、西部的柳江低凸起内天山背斜及西部、马山断凸中部和红渡浅凹中部一带页岩盖层分布稳定且韧性和封闭性较好、遭受的构造破坏较弱、剥蚀厚度较小，为页岩气有利勘探区。
계중요함상고생계중、하니분통이급하석탄통혈암구유량호적생경급저집조건，단수다기구조운동개조，혈암기보존조건복잡。종굉관화미관분석입수，대해구상고생계혈암기보존조건진행종합평개，예측기감탐잠력급유리감탐구。재야외지질조사적기출상，결합찬정자료、경질체반사솔、점토광물X-사선연사、니혈암물성분석수거이급구조연화사화매장사-열사회복，종개층봉폐성、단렬화태승박식작용영향등방면평개료계중요함상고생계혈암기보존조건。결과표명：계중요함중니분통니혈암침적후도대（암색니혈암후250～650 m）、분포련속차인성화미관봉폐성교호，가작위혈암기직접화구역개층；하석탄통수연분포국한，단인성화봉폐성호，가작위국부개층；연산기위연구구주요변형기，대량첩와상역충단렬화고각도역충단층재차시발육，대현금잔존적혈암기장분포격국기착결정성영향，요함중、서부조수적구조개조상대교약；강렬적박식작용파배료혈암기적보존，단요함중、서부지구박식정도교소。총지，계중요함중、서부적류강저철기내천산배사급서부、마산단철중부화홍도천요중부일대혈암개층분포은정차인성화봉폐성교호、조수적구조파배교약、박식후도교소，위혈암기유리감탐구。
The Middle and Lower Devonian as well as the Lower Carboniferous shale in the Upper Paleozoic in the Guizhong depression are favorable for hydrocarbon generation and accumulation ,but the preservation conditions of shale gas are very complex due to multistage tectonic activities .The shale gas preservation conditions in the Upper Paleozoic of the Guizhong depression were comprehensively evaluated and the play fairways were identified based on both macroscopic and microscopic analyses .Based on the field geological survey data , in combination with drilling data , vitrinite reflec-tance,clay mineral X-ray diffraction,physical property ,tectonic evolution history ,and reconstruction of burial history and thermal history ,we studied the shale gas preservation conditions in respects of the sealing capacity of cap rocks and the influence of faulting and uplifting .The following conclusions were obtained .The Middle Devonian shale in Guizhong de-pression has large thickness(of 250-650 m),continuous distribution,better ductility and high micro sealing capacity , thus can act as an regional cap rock for shale gas preservation .Although the Lower Carboniferous shale is limited in dis-tribution,it has good ductility and strong sealing capacity ,thus can act as local cap rocks .The Yanshanian period is the main deformation period in the study area ,during which large imbricated thrust faults and high angle thrust faults were developed and influenced the present distribution patterns of the shale gas reservoirs .The strong denudation in this area destroyed the preservation of shale gas .Tectonic activity was weak and the amount of denudation was small in the west-central part of the depression .In conclusion,the Tianshan anticline and its west area in Liujiang low salient ,the central part of Mashan uplifted as well as the central part of Hongdu shallow sag are the favorable areas for shale gas exploration thanks to their stable distribution and better ductility and strong sealing capacity as well as its weak tectonic destruction and weak denudation .