CAJ | 학술논문

浅层气作为我国非常规油气勘探与开发的新领域，具有极大的资源潜力。利用岩心、测井、三维地震和室内分析化验等资料，对松辽盆地大庆长垣南部黑帝庙油层浅层气气藏类型、分布特征、成因机制及富集主控因素进行研究，结果表明：受背斜构造背景与多方位断层分割，气藏圈闭主要有背斜、断背斜、断块和断鼻4种类型；气藏平面上受正向构造影响，主要分布在背斜和鼻状构造高点，垂向上受储盖组合特征影响，主要分布在中、下部H5Ⅰ-H1Ⅱ小层；葡萄花构造天然气成因为生物气，主要来自嫩江组一段、二段，葡西鼻状构造天然气成因为生物气、油型气和无机成因气组成的混合气，分别来自嫩江组一段、二段、青山口组和深部。进而总结出黑帝庙油层浅层气富集主控因素：①多套优质烃源岩构成了浅层气富集基础；②气源断层与有效盖层匹配控制浅层气富集层位；③河控三角洲前缘亚相砂体构成了浅层气富集优质储层；④断层侧向封闭性决定浅层气富集规模。最终建立了浅层气成藏模式：明水组沉积末期构造反转定型，断层密集带边界断层复活开启，下伏烃源岩生成的天然气沿着气源断层上运，然后进入与气源断层沟通的水下分流河道、河口坝和远砂坝优质储层砂体短距离侧向运移，最终在背斜、断背斜、断块和断鼻圈闭中聚集成藏。在气测解释基础上采用容积法计算浅层气累计地质储量86.8×108 m3，并刻画出7个浅层气富集区块。
천층기작위아국비상규유기감탐여개발적신영역，구유겁대적자원잠력。이용암심、측정、삼유지진화실내분석화험등자료，대송료분지대경장원남부흑제묘유층천층기기장류형、분포특정、성인궤제급부집주공인소진행연구，결과표명：수배사구조배경여다방위단층분할，기장권폐주요유배사、단배사、단괴화단비4충류형；기장평면상수정향구조영향，주요분포재배사화비상구조고점，수향상수저개조합특정영향，주요분포재중、하부H5Ⅰ-H1Ⅱ소층；포도화구조천연기성인위생물기，주요래자눈강조일단、이단，포서비상구조천연기성인위생물기、유형기화무궤성인기조성적혼합기，분별래자눈강조일단、이단、청산구조화심부。진이총결출흑제묘유층천층기부집주공인소：①다투우질경원암구성료천층기부집기출；②기원단층여유효개층필배공제천층기부집층위；③하공삼각주전연아상사체구성료천층기부집우질저층；④단층측향봉폐성결정천층기부집규모。최종건립료천층기성장모식：명수조침적말기구조반전정형，단층밀집대변계단층복활개계，하복경원암생성적천연기연착기원단층상운，연후진입여기원단층구통적수하분류하도、하구패화원사패우질저층사체단거리측향운이，최종재배사、단배사、단괴화단비권폐중취집성장。재기측해석기출상채용용적법계산천층기루계지질저량86.8×108 m3，병각화출7개천층기부집구괴。
As a new field of unconventional oil and gas exploration and development in China ,shallow gas is large in re-source potential.Various data including core,well logging,3D seismic and laboratory test data were integrated to study the shallow gas reservoir types ,distribution characteristics ,genetic mechanism and main controlling factors of shallow gas en-richment .The following results were obtained .The gas traps are controlled by anticline structure background and segmen-tation of multiple faults and there are mainly 4 types of gas reservoir traps,including anticline,faulted-anticline,fault-block and fault-nose.And the areal distribution of gas reservoirs is controlled by the positive structures and they mainly occur at the high positions of anticline and nose structures .Vertically,the single layer H5Ⅰ-H1Ⅱ,which is in the middle and lower parts of formation ,is the main gas bearing interval affected by reservoir-cap assemblages .Gas in the Putaohua structure is mainly of biological genesis and is sourced from the first and second members of the Nenjiang Formation .In contrast ,gas in the Puxi nosing structure is generated from the first and second members of the Nenjiang Formation ,Qing-shankou Formation and deeper formations ,and is a mixture of biological gas ,oil-type gas and abiogenetic gas .On this ba-sis,the main controlling factors of shallow gas enrichment in Heidimiao reservoirs are summarized as follows :①multiple sets of good hydrocarbon source rocks offer a material basis for shallow gas;②reasonable timing of gas source faults and effective cap rock controls the horizons of shallow gas accumulation;③sandbodies of fluvial-dominated delta front act as high quality reservoirs;④lateral sealing capacity of fault ddetermines enrichment scale of shallow gas .Finally ,the shallow gas accumulation pattern is established and showed as follows:tectonic reverse happened at the end of the Mingshui For-mation stage,and the boundary faults in the areas with densely distributed faults were activated and opened ,so that gas generated by the underlying source rocks migrated upward along the source rock -rooted faults into the high quality reser-voirs connected well with the source rock-rooted faults , such as under water distributary channel , mouth bars and distal bars.After a short distance lateral migration in the high quality reservoirs ,the shallow gas accumulated in anticlinal traps , fault-anticline ,fault-block and fault-nose traps .The cumulative geological reserve of shallow gas was calculated to be 8.68 BCM by using volumetric methods on the basis of gas logging interpretation and 7 potential target areas were identified .