CAJ | 학술논문

MRI所面临的一个主要问题是如何提高信号对比度，进而区分病灶与正常的组织和器官，从而达到医学诊断的目的，为了解决这个问题往往就要用到可以加快水质子弛豫的试剂。一般常用的MRI弛豫增强试剂都是含钆类的化合物，因为钆具有很强的顺磁弛豫增强能力。但是钆类对比剂有可能引起肾源性系统性纤维化，因此钆类对比剂的使用也具有一定的局限性。锰也是一种顺磁性金属，其毒性非常低，是生物体内一种必须的元素，二价的锰有5个未成对电子，也具有较强的弛豫增强效果；另外锰对比剂的存在形式比较多样化，比如锰盐、小分子有机螯合物、大分子螯合物、氧化物纳米粒子等，并且锰对比剂毒性相对较低，因此在使用时可以较大剂量的使用。正因如此，锰的对比剂在MRI中也占有一定的地位。该文综述了锰对比剂在MRI中的一些应用，以及其最近的相关研究进展，最后对未来锰对比剂的发展方向做出展望。
MRI소면림적일개주요문제시여하제고신호대비도，진이구분병조여정상적조직화기관，종이체도의학진단적목적，위료해결저개문제왕왕취요용도가이가쾌수질자이예적시제。일반상용적MRI이예증강시제도시함구류적화합물，인위구구유흔강적순자이예증강능력。단시구류대비제유가능인기신원성계통성섬유화，인차구류대비제적사용야구유일정적국한성。맹야시일충순자성금속，기독성비상저，시생물체내일충필수적원소，이개적맹유5개미성대전자，야구유교강적이예증강효과；령외맹대비제적존재형식비교다양화，비여맹염、소분자유궤오합물、대분자오합물、양화물납미입자등，병차맹대비제독성상대교저，인차재사용시가이교대제량적사용。정인여차，맹적대비제재MRI중야점유일정적지위。해문종술료맹대비제재MRI중적일사응용，이급기최근적상관연구진전，최후대미래맹대비제적발전방향주출전망。
It is always a challenge to keep improving the contrast of MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) for different tissues and organs in order to detect diseases. Contrast agents, which can enhance the relaxation of protons in water, are usually used to overcome such issue. Gadolinium-based complexes are the most predominantly used contrast agents owing to its good enhancement effect on the relaxation time, but they may be caused a serious disease called nephrogenic systemic ifbrosis (NSF), so they have a limited use in vivo. Manganese is a non-lanthanide paramagnetic metal, and possess a good enhancement effect on the relaxation due to ifve unpaired electrons of bivalent manganese. Manganese-based contrast agents include manganese salts, small organic chelates, macromolecule chelates, oxide nanopaticles and so on. Manganese has also play essential roles in cell biology and very low toxic in vivo, which enables the usage with a large dose in MRI. This paper reviews the recent applications and comments the future outlook of manganese-based contrast agents for MRI.