草业学报
草業學報
초업학보
PRATACULTURAL SCIENCE
2014年
4期
181-188
,共8页
铬胁迫%葎草%气体交换%叶绿素含量%叶绿素荧光参数
鉻脅迫%葎草%氣體交換%葉綠素含量%葉綠素熒光參數
락협박%률초%기체교환%협록소함량%협록소형광삼수
chromium stress%Humulus scandens%gas exchange%chlorophyll pigments%chlorophyll fluores-cence parameters
以草幼苗为对象,采用盆栽法研究不同铬浓度(Cr3+)(分别为0,50,200,300,500 mmol/L)下草幼苗叶片光合生理特性的变化。结果表明,1)在低浓度(50 mmol/L)Cr3+胁迫下,植株的净光合速率(Pn)、瞬时水分利用率(WUEi )显著高于对照,而气孔导度(Gs )、蒸腾速率(Tr )、气孔限制值(Ls )、胞间 CO2浓度(Ci )及叶绿素含量与对照无显著差异。2)在中浓度(200~300 mmol/L)Cr3+胁迫下,各光合参数及叶绿素含量呈下降趋势,且光下最小荧光(Fo′)、光下最大荧光(Fm′)、初始荧光(Fo )、最大荧光(Fm )、可变荧光(Fv )、PSⅡ的潜在活性(Fv/Fo )、最大光化学量子产量(Fv/Fm )和光化学淬灭(qP)逐渐减小,但Ls 和WUEi 随胁迫浓度的加重呈先升后降的趋势,Ci 呈先降后升的变化,而ETR和丙二醛(MDA)含量则呈上升趋势,此时非光化学淬灭(qN)的变化没有规律。3)在高浓度(500 mmol/L)Cr3+胁迫下,Pn、Tr、Ls、WUEi、MDA含量、叶绿素含量及qN均下降,Ci 上升,且Fo′、Fm′、Fo、Fm、Fv、Fv/Fo、Fv/Fm 和qP也显著增加。因此,低浓度Cr3+在一定程度上促进草幼苗生长,但随着Cr3+浓度增加,植株的气体交换参数、MDA含量、叶绿素含量及叶绿素荧光参数等光合生理特性具有显著不利影响,尤其是在高浓度Cr3+胁迫下,植株的生长受到严重抑制。
以草幼苗為對象,採用盆栽法研究不同鉻濃度(Cr3+)(分彆為0,50,200,300,500 mmol/L)下草幼苗葉片光閤生理特性的變化。結果錶明,1)在低濃度(50 mmol/L)Cr3+脅迫下,植株的淨光閤速率(Pn)、瞬時水分利用率(WUEi )顯著高于對照,而氣孔導度(Gs )、蒸騰速率(Tr )、氣孔限製值(Ls )、胞間 CO2濃度(Ci )及葉綠素含量與對照無顯著差異。2)在中濃度(200~300 mmol/L)Cr3+脅迫下,各光閤參數及葉綠素含量呈下降趨勢,且光下最小熒光(Fo′)、光下最大熒光(Fm′)、初始熒光(Fo )、最大熒光(Fm )、可變熒光(Fv )、PSⅡ的潛在活性(Fv/Fo )、最大光化學量子產量(Fv/Fm )和光化學淬滅(qP)逐漸減小,但Ls 和WUEi 隨脅迫濃度的加重呈先升後降的趨勢,Ci 呈先降後升的變化,而ETR和丙二醛(MDA)含量則呈上升趨勢,此時非光化學淬滅(qN)的變化沒有規律。3)在高濃度(500 mmol/L)Cr3+脅迫下,Pn、Tr、Ls、WUEi、MDA含量、葉綠素含量及qN均下降,Ci 上升,且Fo′、Fm′、Fo、Fm、Fv、Fv/Fo、Fv/Fm 和qP也顯著增加。因此,低濃度Cr3+在一定程度上促進草幼苗生長,但隨著Cr3+濃度增加,植株的氣體交換參數、MDA含量、葉綠素含量及葉綠素熒光參數等光閤生理特性具有顯著不利影響,尤其是在高濃度Cr3+脅迫下,植株的生長受到嚴重抑製。
이초유묘위대상,채용분재법연구불동락농도(Cr3+)(분별위0,50,200,300,500 mmol/L)하초유묘협편광합생리특성적변화。결과표명,1)재저농도(50 mmol/L)Cr3+협박하,식주적정광합속솔(Pn)、순시수분이용솔(WUEi )현저고우대조,이기공도도(Gs )、증등속솔(Tr )、기공한제치(Ls )、포간 CO2농도(Ci )급협록소함량여대조무현저차이。2)재중농도(200~300 mmol/L)Cr3+협박하,각광합삼수급협록소함량정하강추세,차광하최소형광(Fo′)、광하최대형광(Fm′)、초시형광(Fo )、최대형광(Fm )、가변형광(Fv )、PSⅡ적잠재활성(Fv/Fo )、최대광화학양자산량(Fv/Fm )화광화학쉬멸(qP)축점감소,단Ls 화WUEi 수협박농도적가중정선승후강적추세,Ci 정선강후승적변화,이ETR화병이철(MDA)함량칙정상승추세,차시비광화학쉬멸(qN)적변화몰유규률。3)재고농도(500 mmol/L)Cr3+협박하,Pn、Tr、Ls、WUEi、MDA함량、협록소함량급qN균하강,Ci 상승,차Fo′、Fm′、Fo、Fm、Fv、Fv/Fo、Fv/Fm 화qP야현저증가。인차,저농도Cr3+재일정정도상촉진초유묘생장,단수착Cr3+농도증가,식주적기체교환삼수、MDA함량、협록소함량급협록소형광삼수등광합생리특성구유현저불리영향,우기시재고농도Cr3+협박하,식주적생장수도엄중억제。
The ecophysiological characteristics and photosynthesis of Humulus scandens seedlings under chro-mium stress (0,50,200,300,and 500 mmol/L Cr3+)were studied.Under 50 mmol/L stress,the net photo-synthetic rate (Pn)and instant water use efficiency (WUE)increased significantly compared with the CK buts-tomatal conductance (Gs ),transpiration rate (Tr ),stomatal limitation (Ls ),intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci )and chlorophyll contents were not significantly different.Under 200-300 mmol/L stress,actual maximal fluorescence (Fm′),actual minimum fluorescence (Fo′),dark fluorescence yield (Fo ),maximal fluorescence yield (Fm ),variable fluorescence (Fv ),potential activity of PSⅡ(Fv/Fo ),maximum quantum yield of PSⅡ(Fv/Fm )and proportion yield of PSⅡ(qP)gradually decreased with an increase of Cr3+ stress,while Ls and WUEi initially increased but then decreased,whereas Ci initially decreased but then increased.The opposite side of electron transport rate (ETR )and malonaldehyde (MDA)showed a tendency to increase,while the coef-ficient of non-photochemical quenching (qN)showed irregular changes.In particular,the Pn ,Tr ,Ls ,WUEi , content of MDA and qN declined significantly in 500 mmol/L Cr3+ stress,but the Ci and other chlorophyll flu-orescence parameters suddenly increased.In summer,there was a clear difference of gas change,content of MDA and chlorophyll and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters.Although some physiological indexes declined in the H. scandens seedlings with increasing Cr3+ stress,but showed a positive response,keep certain photo-synthesis under high Cr3+ stress,and its tolerance to Cr3+ stress was the strongest.