CAJ | 학술논문

为了探明水稻侧根发育的过程和影响因素，以日本晴(粳稻)、扬稻6号(籼稻)的不定根和种子根为材料，观察了侧根发育过程中的形态和细胞结构的变化，研究了生长调节物质、光照等因子对侧根发育的影响。结果显示，水稻侧根的发生起始于中柱鞘。相邻的内皮层细胞参与了侧根原基的发生和生长。侧根原基通过顶端生长点的分裂、分化和基部细胞伸长向外生长，侧根在露出过程中改变了母根皮层和表皮结构。外源生长素可促进侧根的发生，但浓度过高则抑制侧根原基的露出；稻苗切除芽后侧根发生减少，主根生长量下降；切除根尖打破了主根顶端优势，促进侧根发生和生长。单侧照光能诱导向光侧的侧根发生。脱落酸在低浓度下对侧根发生有促进作用；Ca2+促进侧根发生和主根生长，而E D TA抑制侧根发生和主根生长。种子根和不定根的生长对试验因子的响应趋势基本一致。
위료탐명수도측근발육적과정화영향인소，이일본청(갱도)、양도6호(선도)적불정근화충자근위재료，관찰료측근발육과정중적형태화세포결구적변화，연구료생장조절물질、광조등인자대측근발육적영향。결과현시，수도측근적발생기시우중주초。상린적내피층세포삼여료측근원기적발생화생장。측근원기통과정단생장점적분렬、분화화기부세포신장향외생장，측근재로출과정중개변료모근피층화표피결구。외원생장소가촉진측근적발생，단농도과고칙억제측근원기적로출；도묘절제아후측근발생감소，주근생장량하강；절제근첨타파료주근정단우세，촉진측근발생화생장。단측조광능유도향광측적측근발생。탈락산재저농도하대측근발생유촉진작용；Ca2+촉진측근발생화주근생장，이E D TA억제측근발생화주근생장。충자근화불정근적생장대시험인자적향응추세기본일치。
The adventitious roots and primary roots of Nipponbare and Yangdao 6 were used to measure lateral root number and the growth increment by Image J software with scanning photograph. Morphological and structural changes of lateral root primo-dia were observed by applying Spurr resin embedding and semi-thin sectioning, and light microscopy. Impacts of the lateral root emergence on the parent root structure was observed by fluorescence microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Treatments with plant hormones, metal ions, illumination, and cutting off shoots or root tips were set up to analyse their influence on lateral root development. Results showed that rice lateral root initiation occurred from the pericycle. The endodermis also participated in the lateral root primodia formation and played protective as well as assistant roles in the process. The outward growth of lateral root primordia was realized by cell divisions of apical meristem and cell elongation at the base area. The cortex and epidermis structures of parent roots were also altered during the process of lateral root emergence. Exogenous IAA promoted the occurrence of lateral roots, but its high concentrations inhibited lateral root emergence. The number of lateral roots and growth of primary roots were significantly decreased when shoots were cut off. The apical dominance of root was lost when root tips were cut off, so that the growth of lateral roots and secondary lateral roots was accelerated. Unilateral illumination induced the increase of lateral roots in the light side. Abscisic acid at low concentrations promoted the formation of lateral roots. The formation of lateral roots and growth of primary root were promoted by Ca2+, while mostly inhibited by EDTA. The growth tendency of both adventitious roots and primary roots responsive to the treatments was basically consistent.