CAJ | 학술논문

近年来接连发生的粮食重金属污染事件引发社会广泛关注。本文从样品前处理、分析检测技术等方面综述了粮食中重金属元素的分析方法。首先对当前我国粮食中重金属污染现状进行了分析，综述了重金属元素前处理的方法，包括消解法、固相萃取法、液液萃取法；并分常规检测技术和快速检测技术着重总结了各种重金属元素分析检测技术的原理、优缺点及在粮食安全中的应用。其中常规检测技术包括原子光谱法、电感耦合等离子质谱法、紫外分光光度计法，快速检测技术有电化学分析法、生物传感器法以及免疫检测技术，为保障人民群众粮食安全，积极发展粮食中重金属元素检测技术，前处理消解技术和色谱联用技术以及快速检测技术将是今后的重要发展方向。
근년래접련발생적양식중금속오염사건인발사회엄범관주。본문종양품전처리、분석검측기술등방면종술료양식중중금속원소적분석방법。수선대당전아국양식중중금속오염현상진행료분석，종술료중금속원소전처리적방법，포괄소해법、고상췌취법、액액췌취법；병분상규검측기술화쾌속검측기술착중총결료각충중금속원소분석검측기술적원리、우결점급재양식안전중적응용。기중상규검측기술포괄원자광보법、전감우합등리자질보법、자외분광광도계법，쾌속검측기술유전화학분석법、생물전감기법이급면역검측기술，위보장인민군음양식안전，적겁발전양식중중금속원소검측기술，전처리소해기술화색보련용기술이급쾌속검측기술장시금후적중요발전방향。
In recent years, food safety has drawn more and more attention, including heavy metal contamination in grain. The analytical methods for heavy metal elements, including sample preparation methods, analysis testing technologies, were summarized in this review. First, the current situation of heavy metal pollution in China was described, and the pre-treatment methods of heavy metals were summarized, such as digestion, solid phase extraction, and liquid-liquid extraction. Generally, detection methods for heavy metals could be divided into conventional and rapid detection technology. Conventional detection techniques included atomic spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and ultraviolet spectrophotometry. Rapid detection methods contained electrochemical, biosensors and immunoassay technologies. Herein, their principles, advantages, disadvantages and application in cereal security were emphasized. To ensure food safety for human being and establish effective and suitable analytical methods, pre-treatment digestion and the hyphenated chromatographic analysis and rapid detection are the important developmental directions in the future.