CAJ | 학술논문

为探索酸性矿山废水（AMD）持续污染的影响程度，以贵州喀斯特岩溶区石灰性旱地土壤为研究对象，通过模拟分析AMD持续污染下石灰性旱地土壤 p H、岩溶组分等特性的变化，评价石灰性旱地土壤对AMD持续污染的酸缓冲性能及其作用机理。结果表明：岩溶区石灰性旱地土壤对 AMD具有较好的缓冲性能，AMD的使用量是土壤质量的10倍时，土壤对 AMD的酸缓冲容量（以 CaCO3计，下同），达77．266 g/kg，岩溶区土壤pH仍可维持在6．65以上，风干及新鲜石灰性旱地土壤的酸缓冲容量，分别为（151．027±1．03）g/kg、（93．285±4．32）g/kg；随着AMD添加比例的增大，土壤 Ca含量在低污染浓度下显著下降，在较高污染程度下稍有升高；土壤中Mg大量淋失，CO2释放量显著增加（p＜0．01）。相关性分析表明，土壤pH与AMD的添加量相关关系不明显（rpH＝-0．473，ppH＝0．237；rCa＝-0．416，pCa＝0．305），而岩溶区石灰性旱地土壤 Ca、Mg 含量及土壤 CO2释放量的变化与 AMD 的添加量呈极显著相关关系（rCa＝-0．955**，pCa＝0．000；rMg＝-0．994**，pMg＝0．000；rCO2＝0．991**，pCO2＝0．000）。表明，岩溶区石灰性旱地土壤对AMD持续污染具有较优越的缓冲性能，其中，CO32-及 Ca、Mg等岩溶组分在岩溶区石灰性旱地土壤AMD酸缓冲方面发挥着重要作用。
위탐색산성광산폐수（AMD）지속오염적영향정도，이귀주객사특암용구석회성한지토양위연구대상，통과모의분석AMD지속오염하석회성한지토양 p H、암용조분등특성적변화，평개석회성한지토양대AMD지속오염적산완충성능급기작용궤리。결과표명：암용구석회성한지토양대 AMD구유교호적완충성능，AMD적사용량시토양질량적10배시，토양대 AMD적산완충용량（이 CaCO3계，하동），체77．266 g/kg，암용구토양pH잉가유지재6．65이상，풍간급신선석회성한지토양적산완충용량，분별위（151．027±1．03）g/kg、（93．285±4．32）g/kg；수착AMD첨가비례적증대，토양 Ca함량재저오염농도하현저하강，재교고오염정도하초유승고；토양중Mg대량림실，CO2석방량현저증가（p＜0．01）。상관성분석표명，토양pH여AMD적첨가량상관관계불명현（rpH＝-0．473，ppH＝0．237；rCa＝-0．416，pCa＝0．305），이암용구석회성한지토양 Ca、Mg 함량급토양 CO2석방량적변화여 AMD 적첨가량정겁현저상관관계（rCa＝-0．955**，pCa＝0．000；rMg＝-0．994**，pMg＝0．000；rCO2＝0．991**，pCO2＝0．000）。표명，암용구석회성한지토양대AMD지속오염구유교우월적완충성능，기중，CO32-급 Ca、Mg등암용조분재암용구석회성한지토양AMD산완충방면발휘착중요작용。
The acid buffer performance and functional mechanism of calcareous soil against continuing AMD pollution were evaluated by analyzing characteristic changes of pH,acidity,alkalinity and karst components of calcareous soil under the continuing AMD pollution to study the effect of continuing AMD pollution on calcareous soil in Karst areas of Guizhou.The calcareous soil in Karst area has of better buffer performance against AMD because when AMD usage amount is 10 times that of soil quality,the acid buffer capacity of calcareous soil against AMD is to 77.266g/kg (taking CaCO3 as the calculation unit)and pH of calcareous soil still maintain above 6.65.The acid buffer performance of the air drying and fresh calcareous soil is 151.027 1.03 g/kg and 93.285 4.32 g/kg respectively.With increase of adding AMD proportion, the Ca content of calcareous soil decreases significantly under the low pollution concentration and increases slightly under the higher pollution concentration. Meanwhile Mg leaching loss and CO2 emission (p<0.01 )of calcareous soil increased significantly.The correlation analysis showed that there is no obvious correlation between soil pH and AMD amount (rpH=-0.473,ppH=0.237;rCa=-0.416,pCa=0.305)but there are very significant correlation between AMD amount and Ca content,Mg content,CO2 emission amount of the calcareous soil in Karst area(rCa=-0.955**,pCa=0.000;rMg=-0.994**,pMg=0.000;rCO2=0.991**,pCO2=0.000),which indicates that the calcareous soil in Karst area has the better buffer performance against continuing AMD pollution, and CO3 2-, Ca and Mg components play an important role in AMD acid buffer of the calcareous soil in Karst area.