中国医药
中國醫藥
중국의약
CHINA MEDICINE
2014年
9期
1309-1312,1313
,共5页
胡洋%王雪%张铁岩%李挪%金英%李刚%刘洋
鬍洋%王雪%張鐵巖%李挪%金英%李剛%劉洋
호양%왕설%장철암%리나%금영%리강%류양
轻度过度通气%最佳时间%颅内压%脑氧合
輕度過度通氣%最佳時間%顱內壓%腦氧閤
경도과도통기%최가시간%로내압%뇌양합
Mild hyperventilation%Best period%Intracranial pressure%Cerebral oxygenation
目的:研究早期轻度过度通气对急性颅内压升高患者的影响。方法因重度颅脑疾病导致的急性高颅压、需呼吸机辅助通气的患者54例,根据过度通气起始时间分为3组:A组(20例)正常机械通气[35 mmHg≤动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO2)≤45 mmHg](1 mmHg=0.133 kPa);B组(17例)带机后1 h即开始轻度过度通气(30 mmHg<PaCO2<35 mmHg);C组(17例)带机后3 h即开始轻度过度通气(30 mmHg<PaCO2<35 mmHg)。3组均予系统脱水、营养支持等一般基础治疗。监测并比较过度通气后第0、1、2、4小时的颅内压、PaCO2、脑血流、脑氧摄取指数( CEO2)、动静脉血氧差值( Ca-jvO2)及干预后1周的脑电双频指数( BIS)、格拉斯哥昏迷量表( GCS)评分、病死率。结果 B组通气1 h的颅内压为(16.2±1.8) mmHg,脑血流为(52.0±1.6) ml/(100 g? min),CEO2为(72.7±0.8)%,Ca-jvO2为(58.1±0.6)%;B组干预后1周BIS为(51.6±12.3),GCS为(9.4±2.4)分,病死率为11.8%(2/17)。C组通气1 h的颅内压为(25.5±1.0)mmHg,脑血流为(60.5±3.3)ml/(100 g? min),CEO2为(68.2±0.5)%,Ca-jvO2为(54.0±0.5)%;C组干预后1周BIS为(46.5±6.5),GCS为(8.2±1.5)分,病死率为35.3%(6/17)。维持PaO2在150~200 mmHg,轻度过度通气可降低颅内压,轻度过度通气1 h的脑血流、CEO2、Ca-jvO2最佳,超过2 h存在氧合失衡,干预1周后BIS和GCS评分增高、病死率低;B组较C组颅内压、脑血流、CEO2、Ca-jvO2更佳,干预1周后BIS 和GCS 评分增高、病死率低,差异有统计学意义。结论重度颅脑疾病出现急性颅内压升高需要机械通气的患者于带机后1h开始应用轻度过度通气,维持PaO2150~200 mmHg、PaCO230~35 mmHg,持续1 h,可明显降低颅内压,脑血流、CEO2及Ca-jvO2更佳,1周后BIS、GCS评分增高、病死率低。
目的:研究早期輕度過度通氣對急性顱內壓升高患者的影響。方法因重度顱腦疾病導緻的急性高顱壓、需呼吸機輔助通氣的患者54例,根據過度通氣起始時間分為3組:A組(20例)正常機械通氣[35 mmHg≤動脈血二氧化碳分壓(PaCO2)≤45 mmHg](1 mmHg=0.133 kPa);B組(17例)帶機後1 h即開始輕度過度通氣(30 mmHg<PaCO2<35 mmHg);C組(17例)帶機後3 h即開始輕度過度通氣(30 mmHg<PaCO2<35 mmHg)。3組均予繫統脫水、營養支持等一般基礎治療。鑑測併比較過度通氣後第0、1、2、4小時的顱內壓、PaCO2、腦血流、腦氧攝取指數( CEO2)、動靜脈血氧差值( Ca-jvO2)及榦預後1週的腦電雙頻指數( BIS)、格拉斯哥昏迷量錶( GCS)評分、病死率。結果 B組通氣1 h的顱內壓為(16.2±1.8) mmHg,腦血流為(52.0±1.6) ml/(100 g? min),CEO2為(72.7±0.8)%,Ca-jvO2為(58.1±0.6)%;B組榦預後1週BIS為(51.6±12.3),GCS為(9.4±2.4)分,病死率為11.8%(2/17)。C組通氣1 h的顱內壓為(25.5±1.0)mmHg,腦血流為(60.5±3.3)ml/(100 g? min),CEO2為(68.2±0.5)%,Ca-jvO2為(54.0±0.5)%;C組榦預後1週BIS為(46.5±6.5),GCS為(8.2±1.5)分,病死率為35.3%(6/17)。維持PaO2在150~200 mmHg,輕度過度通氣可降低顱內壓,輕度過度通氣1 h的腦血流、CEO2、Ca-jvO2最佳,超過2 h存在氧閤失衡,榦預1週後BIS和GCS評分增高、病死率低;B組較C組顱內壓、腦血流、CEO2、Ca-jvO2更佳,榦預1週後BIS 和GCS 評分增高、病死率低,差異有統計學意義。結論重度顱腦疾病齣現急性顱內壓升高需要機械通氣的患者于帶機後1h開始應用輕度過度通氣,維持PaO2150~200 mmHg、PaCO230~35 mmHg,持續1 h,可明顯降低顱內壓,腦血流、CEO2及Ca-jvO2更佳,1週後BIS、GCS評分增高、病死率低。
목적:연구조기경도과도통기대급성로내압승고환자적영향。방법인중도로뇌질병도치적급성고로압、수호흡궤보조통기적환자54례,근거과도통기기시시간분위3조:A조(20례)정상궤계통기[35 mmHg≤동맥혈이양화탄분압(PaCO2)≤45 mmHg](1 mmHg=0.133 kPa);B조(17례)대궤후1 h즉개시경도과도통기(30 mmHg<PaCO2<35 mmHg);C조(17례)대궤후3 h즉개시경도과도통기(30 mmHg<PaCO2<35 mmHg)。3조균여계통탈수、영양지지등일반기출치료。감측병비교과도통기후제0、1、2、4소시적로내압、PaCO2、뇌혈류、뇌양섭취지수( CEO2)、동정맥혈양차치( Ca-jvO2)급간예후1주적뇌전쌍빈지수( BIS)、격랍사가혼미량표( GCS)평분、병사솔。결과 B조통기1 h적로내압위(16.2±1.8) mmHg,뇌혈류위(52.0±1.6) ml/(100 g? min),CEO2위(72.7±0.8)%,Ca-jvO2위(58.1±0.6)%;B조간예후1주BIS위(51.6±12.3),GCS위(9.4±2.4)분,병사솔위11.8%(2/17)。C조통기1 h적로내압위(25.5±1.0)mmHg,뇌혈류위(60.5±3.3)ml/(100 g? min),CEO2위(68.2±0.5)%,Ca-jvO2위(54.0±0.5)%;C조간예후1주BIS위(46.5±6.5),GCS위(8.2±1.5)분,병사솔위35.3%(6/17)。유지PaO2재150~200 mmHg,경도과도통기가강저로내압,경도과도통기1 h적뇌혈류、CEO2、Ca-jvO2최가,초과2 h존재양합실형,간예1주후BIS화GCS평분증고、병사솔저;B조교C조로내압、뇌혈류、CEO2、Ca-jvO2경가,간예1주후BIS 화GCS 평분증고、병사솔저,차이유통계학의의。결론중도로뇌질병출현급성로내압승고수요궤계통기적환자우대궤후1h개시응용경도과도통기,유지PaO2150~200 mmHg、PaCO230~35 mmHg,지속1 h,가명현강저로내압,뇌혈류、CEO2급Ca-jvO2경가,1주후BIS、GCS평분증고、병사솔저。
Objective To research the influence of early mild hyperventilation on acute intracranial hy-pertention.Methods Totally 54 patients with acute high intracranial pressure caused by s traumatic brain injury or cerebral hemorrhage were enrolled .All patients required assisted ventilation starting mild hyperventilation at dif-ferent time.According to the different starting times of hyperventilation , the patients were divided into 3 groups. Group A was the control group (20) with normal ventilation [35 mmHg≤partial pressure of carbon dioxide in ar-terial (PaCO2) ≤45 mmHg].Group B (17) started mild hyperventilation 1 hour after ventilation (30 mmHg<PaCO2 <35 mmHg);Group C (17) started mild hyperventilation 3 hours after ventilation (30 mmHg<PaCO2 <35 mmHg).All patients underwent basic treatment.Intracranial pressure (ICP), PaCO2, cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral extraction of oxygen (CEO2) and different oxygen contents between arteries and veins (Ca-jvO2) at the beginning, 1, 2 and 4 hours after intervention.Bispectral index (BIS), Glasgow coma scale (GCS) scores and mortality rate after intervention were monitored and compared .Results ICP was reduced by mild hyperventi-lation, while PaO2 was maintained between 150 and 200 mmHg.Oxygenation imbalance occurred if mild hyperven-tilation lasted for more than 2 hours.ICP[(16.2 ±1.8)mmHg vs (25.5 ±1.0)mmHg], CEO2[(72.7 ±0.8)%vs (68.2 ±0.5)%], CBF[(52.0 ±1.6)ml/(100 g? min) vs (60.5 ±3.3)ml/(100 g? min)] and Ca-jvO2 [(58.1 ±0.6)%vs (54.0 ±0.5)%] of group B were better than those of group C .BIS[(51.6 ±12.3) vs (46.5 ±6.5)], GCS[(9.4 ±2.4) scores vs (8.2 ±1.5) scores] scores of group B were higher than those of group C;the mortality rate of group B was lower than that of group C .All differences had statistical significance . Conclusions Patients with severe craniocerebral disease, after suffering acute high cranial pressure, need mechanical ventilation.A continuous 1-hour treatment can substantially reduce intracranial pressure and cerebral blood flow(CBF).One-week treatment will help enhance the performance of BIS and GCS and decrease fatality rate.