CAJ | 학술논문

为研究生物炭对岩溶区玉米生长、土壤 CO2体积分数和排放速率及岩溶作用的影响，通过野外盆栽试验，将蔗渣生物炭分别以土壤质量分数为0%（CK）、0.5%（T1）、1%（T2）、2%（T3）和5%（T4）添加到石灰土中，并栽培玉米。测定玉米生育期中土壤 CO2体积分数和排放速率、土壤淋溶水中 Ca2+和3 HCO-质量分数；并测试玉米收割后土壤有机碳质量分数和容重及玉米生物量。结果表明，添加生物炭增加土壤有机碳质量分数，显著降低了土壤容重；2%和5%生物炭添加显著增加了玉米秸秆干重、玉米棒干重和玉米根干重；在玉米苗期，5%生物炭添加显著增加了土壤 CO2体积分数和排放速率；在玉米拔节期、抽穗期和成熟期，2%和5%生物炭添加显著增加了土壤 CO2体积分数、排放速率以及在此期间收集的土壤淋溶水 Ca2+和3 HCO-质量分数。由此可见，蔗渣生物炭作为岩溶区石灰土改良剂，在一定程度上改良石灰土性质，促进了玉米生长，提高了岩溶区土壤 CO2的体积分数和排放速率，加快了岩溶作用。
위연구생물탄대암용구옥미생장、토양 CO2체적분수화배방속솔급암용작용적영향，통과야외분재시험，장자사생물탄분별이토양질량분수위0%（CK）、0.5%（T1）、1%（T2）、2%（T3）화5%（T4）첨가도석회토중，병재배옥미。측정옥미생육기중토양 CO2체적분수화배방속솔、토양림용수중 Ca2+화3 HCO-질량분수；병측시옥미수할후토양유궤탄질량분수화용중급옥미생물량。결과표명，첨가생물탄증가토양유궤탄질량분수，현저강저료토양용중；2%화5%생물탄첨가현저증가료옥미갈간간중、옥미봉간중화옥미근간중；재옥미묘기，5%생물탄첨가현저증가료토양 CO2체적분수화배방속솔；재옥미발절기、추수기화성숙기，2%화5%생물탄첨가현저증가료토양 CO2체적분수、배방속솔이급재차기간수집적토양림용수 Ca2+화3 HCO-질량분수。유차가견，자사생물탄작위암용구석회토개량제，재일정정도상개량석회토성질，촉진료옥미생장，제고료암용구토양 CO2적체적분수화배방속솔，가쾌료암용작용。
A field pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of biochar on maize growth, soil CO2 concentration and emission rate, karstification in karst area. Five mass percentage levels of biochar from sugarcane bagasse were added into limestone soil, which were no biochar (CK), 0.5% (T1), 1% (T2), 2% (T3) and 5% (T4), respectively, then maize was planted. The changes of soil CO2 concentration and emission rate, the concentration of Ca2+and 3 HCO- in soil leaching water were monitored during the growth period of the corn. The TOC of soil, soil bulk density and biomass of maize were tested after harvest of maize. The results indicated that:the correlation coefficient between the TOC of soil and biochar content was 0.992, however, the correlation coefficient between soil bulk density and biochar content was -0.982. As compared with the control, the biomass of maize straw under T3 and T4 treatment were significantly increased by 12.92% and 33.01%, maize cob were significantly increased by 11.51% and 16.41%, root were significantly increased by 20.88% and 51.13%, respectively. In the seedling stage of maize, soil CO2 concentration and emission rate were significantly increased by 76.00% and 66.91% under T4 treatment, respectively. In the jointing stage, heading stage and grain filling stage of maize, soil CO2 concentration of T4 treatment were significantly increased by 172.86%, 149.40% and 54.48%, those of T3 were significantly increased by 91.43%, 44.58% and 18.66%; Soil CO2 emission rate of T4 treatment were significantly increased by 79.52%, 84.49% and 102.22%, and those of T3 were significantly increased by 17.04%, 17.49% and 29.63%, respectively. The main reason of soil CO2 concentration and emission rate increase was the increase of respiration of maize root, the respiration increase of soil microbe might also contribute to this result. The concentration of Ca2+and 3 HCO- in soil leaching water of T3 treatment which were collected after the jointing stage of maize were significantly increased by 16.00%~29.17%, and 17.39%~28.57%, those of T4 treatment were significantly increased by 38.46%~50.00% and 34.78%~52.38%, the increase of soil CO2 concentration might contribute to those increases. Therefore, to some extent, bagasse biochar as amendment of limestone soil, can improve limestone soil properties, accelerate maize growth, and increase soil CO2 concentration and emission rate.