CAJ | 학술논문

新中国成立后的民族识别与恢复是中国民族认同研究的宏观背景，以往研究多强调国家建构的外部视角，较少从民族身份赋予的合理性和正统性背后，结合外部与内部的双重视角深入挖掘各相关主体如何参与到民族身份建构的过程。文章采用实地观察、深度访谈、文献法等对务川龙潭仡佬族进行研究，发现地方政府以民族学家梳理的“濮-僚-仡佬”的族源承袭为理论依据，又以文字文本为依据发掘了濮、僚、仡佬与朱砂的关系，切合当下龙潭原住民与朱砂的生产生活，并以之建构其“仡佬族”身份。研究结果显示：“朱砂”的地方性参与了民族身份建构，且在旅游背景下地方再造的过程中，政府通过对“朱砂”的文本、祭祀、景观恢复与再造进行了对“仡佬族”身份的二次建构与强化，反映了地方政府主体对朱砂的地方性视角；但如何更好地进行地方再现，对地方文化的发展将有何影响，如何唤起族群真实的情感，官员、宗族精英、普通民众等不同的地方主体何以凝聚，值得进一步关注和思考。
신중국성립후적민족식별여회복시중국민족인동연구적굉관배경，이왕연구다강조국가건구적외부시각，교소종민족신빈부여적합이성화정통성배후，결합외부여내부적쌍중시각심입알굴각상관주체여하삼여도민족신빈건구적과정。문장채용실지관찰、심도방담、문헌법등대무천룡담흘료족진행연구，발현지방정부이민족학가소리적“복-료-흘료”적족원승습위이론의거，우이문자문본위의거발굴료복、료、흘료여주사적관계，절합당하룡담원주민여주사적생산생활，병이지건구기“흘료족”신빈。연구결과현시：“주사”적지방성삼여료민족신빈건구，차재여유배경하지방재조적과정중，정부통과대“주사”적문본、제사、경관회복여재조진행료대“흘료족”신빈적이차건구여강화，반영료지방정부주체대주사적지방성시각；단여하경호지진행지방재현，대지방문화적발전장유하영향，여하환기족군진실적정감，관원、종족정영、보통민음등불동적지방주체하이응취，치득진일보관주화사고。
Ethnic identification in PRC has attracted many researchers. However, more attention has been paid to the national construction from the discourses of the outsiders, while less to that from the discourses of the insiders (ethnic minority). According to the field work, we find that the local government constructed the ethnic identity of Longtan Gelao with the ethnologist’s theory of ‘Pu people-Lao people-Gelao people’ ethnic origin evolution. Further more, written records constructed the relationship between Gelao and cinnabar, which promoted the rationality and legitimacy of Longtan Gelao ethnic identity in China`s ethnic minority system. Consequently, the placeness of cinnabar is a necessary factor of ethnic identity. In the context of tourism, the local government continued to construct and strengthen the ethnic identity by digging the cinnabar text, reviving sacrifice rite and the landscape, but how to improve the place reproduction, how to impact the local culture development, how to arouse the real ethnic affection, and how to enhance the cohesion of the local main bodies, the elites, and the common people, are still need to be paid more attention to and further considered.