CAJ | 학술논문

目前市场上应用的活鱼运输装置大都采用人工控制或单片机控制系统，自动化水平低或抗干扰性差，不能满足长途运输的要求。为了提高低温活鱼运输箱系统的自动化水平，改善活鱼运输条件，提高活鱼运输的存活率，采用 PLC 为核心控制器，触摸屏为人机界面，通过对系统的硬件和软件进行设计，实现了设备的启停控制，运用PID控制算法和脉冲定时器建立的PPI通信网络，实现了温度、pH值和DO的自动采集与控制。系统温度、pH值和DO控制范围分别为3-35℃、8-13 mg/L和6.5-8.0，箱体内水温分布均匀，升温和降温速率平缓。试验结果表明，空载时，箱体内水体温度分布偏差为1℃，温度上升和下降速率分别为2.5、2.3℃/h；按鱼水质量比1：2运输，水温控制在6.7-7.3℃、DO在8.9-12.8 mg/L，pH在6.5-7.5的水体条件下，运输时间约为72 h时，武昌鱼的存活率达到96.7%。系统性能稳定、可靠性高、人机界面友好、使用灵活，能适应不同地区和不同鱼种的运输要求。
목전시장상응용적활어운수장치대도채용인공공제혹단편궤공제계통，자동화수평저혹항간우성차，불능만족장도운수적요구。위료제고저온활어운수상계통적자동화수평，개선활어운수조건，제고활어운수적존활솔，채용 PLC 위핵심공제기，촉모병위인궤계면，통과대계통적경건화연건진행설계，실현료설비적계정공제，운용PID공제산법화맥충정시기건립적PPI통신망락，실현료온도、pH치화DO적자동채집여공제。계통온도、pH치화DO공제범위분별위3-35℃、8-13 mg/L화6.5-8.0，상체내수온분포균균，승온화강온속솔평완。시험결과표명，공재시，상체내수체온도분포편차위1℃，온도상승화하강속솔분별위2.5、2.3℃/h；안어수질량비1：2운수，수온공제재6.7-7.3℃、DO재8.9-12.8 mg/L，pH재6.5-7.5적수체조건하，운수시간약위72 h시，무창어적존활솔체도96.7%。계통성능은정、가고성고、인궤계면우호、사용령활，능괄응불동지구화불동어충적운수요구。
The most of current live fish transportation devices are designed using single chip microcomputer control system or manual control system. These devices cannot meet the need for long-distance transportation due to their low level of automation and poor anti-interference ability. To improve the automatic control of the low-temperature live fish transportation and the survival rate of live fish, we designed a special control system with a PLC as the core controller and a touch screen as the human-computer interface. The software and hardware of this system were designed for the start/stop control. The PPI communication network, based on the PID algorithm and the pulse timer, could conduct automatic and reliable data collection and the feedback control of key parameters such as the temperature, DO, and pH. The control ranges of the three parameters were 3-35℃, 8-13 mg/L, and 6.5-8.0 respectively. The temperature was uniform in the tank, and rose and dropped slowly and gently. When the system was unloaded, the deviation of temperature was only 1℃, and temperature rose and dropped at 2.5℃/h and 2.3℃/h respectively. After 72-hour transportation, the survival rate ofMegalobrama amblycephalawas as high as 96.7% under conditions below: the mass ratio of fish to water was 1:2, the temperature was 6.7-7.3℃, the pH was 6.5-7.5, andDO was 8.9-12.8 mg/L. The system had the advantage of stable performance, high reliability, friendly human-machine interface, and flexible operation. These enabled this system to meet the requirement of the water quality during the transportation of different fish species in different regions.