古地理学报
古地理學報
고지이학보
JOURNAL OF PALAEOGEOGRAPHY
2014年
4期
473-482
,共10页
桑洪%曹养同%朱礼春%张华%张亮%姚佛军%曾昌民%焦鹏程%姜红%梁华
桑洪%曹養同%硃禮春%張華%張亮%姚彿軍%曾昌民%焦鵬程%薑紅%樑華
상홍%조양동%주례춘%장화%장량%요불군%증창민%초붕정%강홍%량화
蒸发岩%石盐岩%上白垩统%古新统%塔西南坳陷%塔里木盆地
蒸髮巖%石鹽巖%上白堊統%古新統%塔西南坳陷%塔裏木盆地
증발암%석염암%상백성통%고신통%탑서남요함%탑리목분지
evaporites%halite%Upper Cretaceous%Paleocene%southwestern Tarim Depression%Tarim Basin
通过资料搜集、蒸发岩野外露头地质调查、石盐岩沉积特征分析及盐类矿物学研究，对塔里木盆地塔西南坳陷中新生代蒸发岩的分布、层位、盐类矿物组合、成因进行了初步探讨。塔西南坳陷石盐岩沉积呈透镜体状，主要沿西昆仑山前分布，常含有褐红色、灰绿色泥砾，泥砾岩性与吐依洛克组下段岩性一致，推测应为吐依洛克组沉积晚期海退期成盐，其层位应归属于吐依洛克组上段。石盐岩透镜体在横向分布上不连续，反映了当时塔西南坳陷内部可能存在多个古盐湖次级凹地，其在干旱气候条件下经浓缩蒸发成盐。蒸发岩矿物除石盐、石膏外，还见有杂卤石、钙芒硝等，其中杂卤石可能为后期富钾卤水交代原生石膏的产物，而乌泊1井石盐表面大量的次生钙芒硝可能为盐湖后期石盐析出阶段含钙地下水缓慢持续补给盐湖的产物。
通過資料搜集、蒸髮巖野外露頭地質調查、石鹽巖沉積特徵分析及鹽類礦物學研究，對塔裏木盆地塔西南坳陷中新生代蒸髮巖的分佈、層位、鹽類礦物組閤、成因進行瞭初步探討。塔西南坳陷石鹽巖沉積呈透鏡體狀，主要沿西昆崙山前分佈，常含有褐紅色、灰綠色泥礫，泥礫巖性與吐依洛剋組下段巖性一緻，推測應為吐依洛剋組沉積晚期海退期成鹽，其層位應歸屬于吐依洛剋組上段。石鹽巖透鏡體在橫嚮分佈上不連續，反映瞭噹時塔西南坳陷內部可能存在多箇古鹽湖次級凹地，其在榦旱氣候條件下經濃縮蒸髮成鹽。蒸髮巖礦物除石鹽、石膏外，還見有雜滷石、鈣芒硝等，其中雜滷石可能為後期富鉀滷水交代原生石膏的產物，而烏泊1井石鹽錶麵大量的次生鈣芒硝可能為鹽湖後期石鹽析齣階段含鈣地下水緩慢持續補給鹽湖的產物。
통과자료수집、증발암야외로두지질조사、석염암침적특정분석급염류광물학연구，대탑리목분지탑서남요함중신생대증발암적분포、층위、염류광물조합、성인진행료초보탐토。탑서남요함석염암침적정투경체상，주요연서곤륜산전분포，상함유갈홍색、회록색니력，니력암성여토의락극조하단암성일치，추측응위토의락극조침적만기해퇴기성염，기층위응귀속우토의락극조상단。석염암투경체재횡향분포상불련속，반영료당시탑서남요함내부가능존재다개고염호차급요지，기재간한기후조건하경농축증발성염。증발암광물제석염、석고외，환견유잡서석、개망초등，기중잡서석가능위후기부갑서수교대원생석고적산물，이오박1정석염표면대량적차생개망초가능위염호후기석염석출계단함개지하수완만지속보급염호적산물。
Based on the previous data,the fieldwork on evaporite outcrops,the halite sedimentary characteristics and the salt mineralogy study, it preliminarily discussed the distribution, the occurrence strata,and the salt mineral assemblages and genesis of the Meso-Cenozoic evaporites in the southwestern Tarim Depression.The Lens-shaped halite mainly distributed along the front of west Kunlun Mountain,and usually contained maroon or celadon muddy gravel.The lithology of halite is the same as that of the lower member of Tuyiluoke Formation.So,the halite is speculated to form during the regression of late deposi-tional period of Tuyiluoke Formation,and its strata belonged to the upper member of Tuyiluoke Formation. The laterally-discontinuous halite lenses indicated the possible existence of multiple sub-depressions of palaeo-salt-lakes,which were evaporated and formed halites under an arid climate.The evaporite minerals were mainly halite and gypsum,as well as some polyhalite and glauberite.The polyhalite in gypsum may be the products of primary gypsums replaced by late potassium-rich brine;while the secondary glauber-ites,discovered on the halite surface in Well Wubo 1 ,were probably formed during the supply of calci-um-rich groundwater to the salt lakes after its precipitation of halites.
