CAJ | 학술논문

对云南省马铃薯主产区由丝核菌侵染引起的黑痣病的发生情况进行调查，并开展了病害防治田间药效试验。云南省马铃薯主产区均有黑痣病的发生，部分地区发病较为严重，最为严重的昆明地区发病率达到36.00%；曲靖、昭通、丽江、迪庆、大理五个地区的发病率分别为29.75%、29.01%、27.28%、20.91%和12.36%，全省马铃薯黑痣病最轻发生地区为宣威，发病率亦达到12.00%。因此，开展20%辣根素水乳剂、“蔬得康”、10%噻唑膦颗粒剂（福气多）和3%呋喃丹颗粒剂的田间防控试验。20%辣根素水乳剂按照每667m2用药1，3和5 L兑水44~45 L，于马铃薯播种前开沟实施沟内土壤泼洒施药、盖膜7 d揭膜后播种，其对马铃薯出苗安全，出苗率达90.28%~94.90%，优于其它药剂处理和空白对照；辣根素三个剂量处理能够降低平均病薯率和平均病情指数；其中以20%辣根素水乳剂5 L/667m2处理防病效果达到65.67%，增产幅度达16.85%，为供试药剂中防控马铃薯黑痣病和增产效果最好的药剂处理，值得在生产中进一步示范推广。
대운남성마령서주산구유사핵균침염인기적흑지병적발생정황진행조사，병개전료병해방치전간약효시험。운남성마령서주산구균유흑지병적발생，부분지구발병교위엄중，최위엄중적곤명지구발병솔체도36.00%；곡정、소통、려강、적경、대리오개지구적발병솔분별위29.75%、29.01%、27.28%、20.91%화12.36%，전성마령서흑지병최경발생지구위선위，발병솔역체도12.00%。인차，개전20%랄근소수유제、“소득강”、10%새서련과립제（복기다）화3%부남단과립제적전간방공시험。20%랄근소수유제안조매667m2용약1，3화5 L태수44~45 L，우마령서파충전개구실시구내토양발쇄시약、개막7 d게막후파충，기대마령서출묘안전，출묘솔체90.28%~94.90%，우우기타약제처리화공백대조；랄근소삼개제량처리능구강저평균병서솔화평균병정지수；기중이20%랄근소수유제5 L/667m2처리방병효과체도65.67%，증산폭도체16.85%，위공시약제중방공마령서흑지병화증산효과최호적약제처리，치득재생산중진일보시범추엄。
The occurrence of potato black scurf disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani in Yunnan potato production areas was investigated and the control efficacy of the disease in the field was determined. The black scurf disease occurred in al the potato production areas, with some places happening heavily. The most serious area was Kunming City. Its incidence reached 36.00%, fol owed by Qujing (29.75%), Zhaotong (29.01%), Lijiang (27.28%), Diqing (20.91%) and Dali (12.36%). Xuanwei had the less incidence, but stil up to 12.00%. Therefore, the field trials of Athomin 20%emulsion,“Shudekang”, Fosthiazate 10%granule and Furadan 3%granule were conducted. One liter or three liters or five litters of Athomin 20%emulsion diluted with 44-45 liters of water on the basis of 667m2 of land, which was applied to planting furrow before planting and covered with plastic sheet for seven days, was safe for potato emergence (90.28%-94.90%), which was better than other treatments and control. These three dosages of Athomin 20%emulsion could reduce the diseased tuber rate and disease index, of which the treatment of Athomin 20%emulsion (5 L/667m2) showed the best results, with the control efficacy being 65.67%, and yield being increased by 16.85%. Therefore, it is worth for further demonstration and extension in potato production.