CAJ | 학술논문

发展中国家的农民往往因为信贷资金的缺乏依然生活在贫困之中，缓解农户的信贷约束能够极大的促进农村经济增长、提高农民生活水平。以江西省872个农户为样本，用直接衡量方法不仅考察农户的显性正规信贷需求，也考察农户的隐性正规信贷需求，进而甄别农户正规信贷约束的类型和程度。统计分析结果表明：农户的正规信贷需求较高，农户贷款金额以中短期小额信贷为主，资金需求以消费性用途为主，生产性用途比例较小；农户供给型信贷约束程度较轻，需求型正规信贷约束严重。因此，相比信贷供给，农户信贷需求的发掘是解决农村信贷市场不均衡的关键。
발전중국가적농민왕왕인위신대자금적결핍의연생활재빈곤지중，완해농호적신대약속능구겁대적촉진농촌경제증장、제고농민생활수평。이강서성872개농호위양본，용직접형량방법불부고찰농호적현성정규신대수구，야고찰농호적은성정규신대수구，진이견별농호정규신대약속적류형화정도。통계분석결과표명：농호적정규신대수구교고，농호대관금액이중단기소액신대위주，자금수구이소비성용도위주，생산성용도비례교소；농호공급형신대약속정도교경，수구형정규신대약속엄중。인차，상비신대공급，농호신대수구적발굴시해결농촌신대시장불균형적관건。
Rural households in developing countries may remain trapped in poverty by a lack of finance . Rural economy and farmers ’ living conditions will be improved if the credit constraints faced by poor house-holds are relaxed.A random sample of 872 farmers in Jiangxi Province were investigated though a direct meas-uring method to detect both obvious and potential credit demand .The forms and degree of the formal credit con-straints were identified .Statistical analysis showed that farmers ’ formal credit demand is high ,and the terms of the loan are mainly short and medium ,and that larger amount of the loan was used for consumption instead of production .The credit constraints of the farmers are more serious from the perspective of the demand than that of the supply .Those results suggest that improving farmers ’ credit demand instead of credit suply will play a more critical role in the disequilibrium of the raral financial market .