CAJ | 학술논문

遥感地表能量信息能够反映城市生态系统成分、作用与影响关系。本研究从城市生态系统的角度，提取能反映城市下垫面地物实体综合特征、作用与影响关系的相对地表能量信息，针对不同区域、规模与类型城市的地表能量空间分布及特征，建立了定量化的城市相对地表能量分级与评价指标。探讨国际“宜居型城市”生态系统结构、功能、形态及其时空变化特征和规律。结果表明：（1）城市实体空间建筑群的形状、体量，街道与建筑的朝向和配置关系，以及硬质化表面开放性的差异影响城市地表能量的分布。（2）建筑物周边的植被覆盖程度、建筑物之间的空间关系、广场和街道的开放性等，是维持城市开敞空间与实体空间的混合区域地表能量平衡的基础。宜居城市中心周围的大规模低密度居住区构成以中等能量分布为主的城市地表能量缓冲与过渡区。（3）城市开敞空间的地表能量变化幅度比实体空间大，宜居城市开敞空间的中、低地表能量分布占有较高比例。（4）宜居城市实体空间的高能量斑块呈现规模较小和分布相对分散的状态。采用相对地表能量分级与评价指标，可为各类城市规划与设计提供科学依据。
요감지표능량신식능구반영성시생태계통성분、작용여영향관계。본연구종성시생태계통적각도，제취능반영성시하점면지물실체종합특정、작용여영향관계적상대지표능량신식，침대불동구역、규모여류형성시적지표능량공간분포급특정，건립료정양화적성시상대지표능량분급여평개지표。탐토국제“의거형성시”생태계통결구、공능、형태급기시공변화특정화규률。결과표명：（1）성시실체공간건축군적형상、체량，가도여건축적조향화배치관계，이급경질화표면개방성적차이영향성시지표능량적분포。（2）건축물주변적식피복개정도、건축물지간적공간관계、엄장화가도적개방성등，시유지성시개창공간여실체공간적혼합구역지표능량평형적기출。의거성시중심주위적대규모저밀도거주구구성이중등능량분포위주적성시지표능량완충여과도구。（3）성시개창공간적지표능량변화폭도비실체공간대，의거성시개창공간적중、저지표능량분포점유교고비례。（4）의거성시실체공간적고능량반괴정현규모교소화분포상대분산적상태。채용상대지표능량분급여평개지표，가위각류성시규화여설계제공과학의거。
Variations in characteristics of urban surface energy are known to represent the urban ecosystem through relationships between its composition, function and feedback that influence the surface energy balance and lead to distinct urban energy distribution. To quantify the distinct urban energy distribution and furthermore to establish a standard ecosystem assessment indicator, the interpretation and comparison of the international"liv-able cities"are illustrated in this study. Spatial and temporal variations in the composition, function and feedback of the urban ecosystem are analyzed, and present us with following results:(1) the underlying impacts on the ur-ban surface energy distribution are due to the differences among urban architecture (e.g. shape, volume), urban planning schemes (e.g. avenue, community), and thermal admittance (e.g. albedo, open space);(2) canopy com-plexity in the surrounding environment, between buildings, in city parks and other open spaces are essential to the surface energy balance. The international "livable cities" show the similarity that there are large-scale and low-density residential areas around the inner city (or metropolitan areas) with medium surface energy values as buffer and transition zones from urban to non-urban areas;(3) land surface energy change in urban open space is greater than metropolitan areas, and the proportional distribution of urban open space shows higher ratio of low-medium surface energy in the international"livable cities";and (4) high surface energy areas are displayed with relatively smaller and more scattered pattern. Knowledge of the quantification of the surface energy and ecosys-tem assessment indicator are necessary for a better understanding of urban surface energy balance and are imper-ative for urban planning schemes.