CAJ | 학술논문

目的：建立一个实时活体观察血管形态学变化小鼠跨区供血耳瓣模型。方法体重25～30 g清洁级ICR小鼠30只，双耳脱毛后，观察其血管分布情况。小鼠麻醉后，用眼科剪从尾侧向头侧剪断鼠耳基底部尾侧2/3，保留头侧1/3，形成耳前血管蒂跨三个血管体、二个choke区的耳瓣模型。将小鼠侧卧置于二维图像采集系统的动物承载台上，调节体视显微镜物镜并固定为25倍，设置步进参数，“弓”型路线渐次、局部采集造模后0，1，2，3，5，7，10，14，21，30 d的时间点图像，合成鼠耳全景图。重点观察皮瓣的坏死率、皮瓣内choke血管的形态学变化。结果 ICR小鼠耳有三个恒定的血管体来供养，从内到外依次为头侧血管体、中间血管体及尾侧血管体。术后5 d，耳瓣坏死面积趋于稳定，坏死率为（15±7）％。内侧血管体与中间血管体之间的choke动静脉的管径出现快速扩增，两者都在第10天左右达最大，choke静脉管径最高峰可达到原来的（3.9±0.5）倍，choke动脉管径最高峰可达到原来的（3.5±0.7）倍。10 d后，choke静脉管径开始减小，21 d后逐渐平稳，而choke动脉管径于术后10 d左右开始平稳，之后无明显减小。结论①跨区皮瓣切取后，静脉扩张是被动扩张，而动脉扩张是主动增值；②跨区皮瓣切取后血流动力学供区与潜力供区之间的choke区参与扩张的choke血管数量及扩张度均小于解剖供区与血流动力学供区之间的choke血管；③小鼠耳瓣模型为研究血管扩张机制及遴选促皮瓣存活药物的理想动物模型。
목적：건립일개실시활체관찰혈관형태학변화소서과구공혈이판모형。방법체중25～30 g청길급ICR소서30지，쌍이탈모후，관찰기혈관분포정황。소서마취후，용안과전종미측향두측전단서이기저부미측2/3，보류두측1/3，형성이전혈관체과삼개혈관체、이개choke구적이판모형。장소서측와치우이유도상채집계통적동물승재태상，조절체시현미경물경병고정위25배，설치보진삼수，“궁”형로선점차、국부채집조모후0，1，2，3，5，7，10，14，21，30 d적시간점도상，합성서이전경도。중점관찰피판적배사솔、피판내choke혈관적형태학변화。결과 ICR소서이유삼개항정적혈관체래공양，종내도외의차위두측혈관체、중간혈관체급미측혈관체。술후5 d，이판배사면적추우은정，배사솔위（15±7）％。내측혈관체여중간혈관체지간적choke동정맥적관경출현쾌속확증，량자도재제10천좌우체최대，choke정맥관경최고봉가체도원래적（3.9±0.5）배，choke동맥관경최고봉가체도원래적（3.5±0.7）배。10 d후，choke정맥관경개시감소，21 d후축점평은，이choke동맥관경우술후10 d좌우개시평은，지후무명현감소。결론①과구피판절취후，정맥확장시피동확장，이동맥확장시주동증치；②과구피판절취후혈류동역학공구여잠력공구지간적choke구삼여확장적choke혈관수량급확장도균소우해부공구여혈류동역학공구지간적choke혈관；③소서이판모형위연구혈관확장궤제급린선촉피판존활약물적이상동물모형。
Objective To establish a mouse ’ s cross-territory ear flap that enables chronic , in-vivo observation of the change of vascular morphology .Methods 30 ICR mice, weighing 25~40 g, were used for this study .Commercial depilatory cream was used to first remove the hair of the mice , after which the vascular pattern in the ears was investigated . According to the observation of the vascular pattern in the mouse ’ s ear, the eye scissors were used the sever the outer 2/3 of the base of the ear , in which process a ear ’ s flap based on a vascular pedicle but crossed three vascular territories was created.After the creation of the flap , the mice were placed on an automatic controlled movable machine with the ear ’ s flaps spread over a customized Plexiglas .Then the flaps were photographed under the stereoscope ( ×25) at the following time points:1,2,3,5,7,10,14,21,30 d.the necrosis of the flap, and the morphological change of the vessels within theflap were analyzed .Results The ICR mouse ’ s ear was supplied three angiosomes , which were respectively named as the cephalic , median and caudal angiosomes from inside out .Five days after the flap’s creating, necrotic rate of(15 ±7)%was developed .The choke vessels between the medial and median angiosomes expanded rapidly in diameter , reaching the plateau 10d after flap creation, resulting the dilated choke veins and arteries at their peak being 3.9 ±0.5 and 3.5 ±0.7, respectively, than their initial sizes.The diameter of the choke veins began to shrink at approximately 10d, stabilizing after 21d.The diameter of the choke arteries plateaued and stabilized at around 10d.Conclusion ①after harvest of extended flap, the dilation of veins seemed to passive , whereas the dilation of arteries seemed to active;②the number of the choke vessels between the dynamic and potential territories that are involved in dilation and extent of the dilation are much smaller than that of the choke vessels between the anatomic and dynamic territories;③the mouse ’ s ear flap is an excellent model of further study of mechanism underlining the dilation of choke vessels and for the screening of vasoactive drugs that augment the survival of the large flap .