水利学报
水利學報
수리학보
2014年
8期
967-972
,共6页
用水特性曲线%线型%用水总量%考核%海河
用水特性麯線%線型%用水總量%攷覈%海河
용수특성곡선%선형%용수총량%고핵%해하
water use curve%curve-type%gross water use%check%Haihe River basin
建立流域或区域供（用）水总量与降水量的函数关系（用水特性曲线），使年度用水总量控制指标受降水量变化的影响不易进行考核的问题得以有效解决。确定这种函数关系的基本线型不仅为这一方法构筑理论基础，也为其推广应用拓展了空间。本文通过对海河流域规划水平年的供水量、降水量关系分析，建立不同类型函数关系的用水特性曲线，基于选取线型需遵循的变量相关性、函数单调性、极值点特性和方法适用性4项准则，寻找相对合理的分布函数。在详细讨论函数的基本特性和应用范围后，并在海河流域二级区进行了进一步检验，最终确定反正切函数能够正确体现供（用）水总量与降水量的相关关系，可以作为用水特性曲线的基本线型。
建立流域或區域供（用）水總量與降水量的函數關繫（用水特性麯線），使年度用水總量控製指標受降水量變化的影響不易進行攷覈的問題得以有效解決。確定這種函數關繫的基本線型不僅為這一方法構築理論基礎，也為其推廣應用拓展瞭空間。本文通過對海河流域規劃水平年的供水量、降水量關繫分析，建立不同類型函數關繫的用水特性麯線，基于選取線型需遵循的變量相關性、函數單調性、極值點特性和方法適用性4項準則，尋找相對閤理的分佈函數。在詳細討論函數的基本特性和應用範圍後，併在海河流域二級區進行瞭進一步檢驗，最終確定反正切函數能夠正確體現供（用）水總量與降水量的相關關繫，可以作為用水特性麯線的基本線型。
건립류역혹구역공（용）수총량여강수량적함수관계（용수특성곡선），사년도용수총량공제지표수강수량변화적영향불역진행고핵적문제득이유효해결。학정저충함수관계적기본선형불부위저일방법구축이론기출，야위기추엄응용탁전료공간。본문통과대해하류역규화수평년적공수량、강수량관계분석，건립불동류형함수관계적용수특성곡선，기우선취선형수준순적변량상관성、함수단조성、겁치점특성화방법괄용성4항준칙，심조상대합리적분포함수。재상세토론함수적기본특성화응용범위후，병재해하류역이급구진행료진일보검험，최종학정반정절함수능구정학체현공（용）수총량여강수량적상관관계，가이작위용수특성곡선적기본선형。
Building a curve reflecting the relation between regional water supply/usage (S) of human activi-ties and natural precipitation (P) will help in implementing annual check of the gross water use,as a con-trol indicator in the strict water management,which changes flexibly with precipitation. To find out the fun-damental function for basic theory and wide application of this approach,this paper tried to identify a ratio-nal curve-type of water use curves among several functions through setting up functional relations of S and P in planning years in the Haihe River basin. Four criterions, the variables’ correlation, the functional monotonicity, extreme existence and curve adaptability, were employed in selecting relatively rational func-tion as the curve-type of water use curves. By detailed discussion of the features of selected function and its adaptability conditions, and further testing in four sub-basins in the Haihe River basin, the arc tangent function was finally identified as the curve-type for basic water use curves which better reflects the charac-teristics of S and P relation.
