CAJ | 학술논문

文章基于扩散计算的解析解，提出了针对高炮、火箭和飞机等不同催化方式的点源、多线源和移动点源的数值计算方案，分别研究了不同催化方式催化剂扩散规律和有效范围，并利用卫星捕获的一次飞机播云实例检验了计算方案，同时研究了实现目标区充分催化的作业设计等问题。主要结论有：高炮做为点源催化，单个高炮作业，达到有效催化浓度的范围半径约只有0．5 km，应当采用多炮弹密集作业，比较有利于浓度和催化范围的维持，提高炮弹成核率能够很大程度地提高高炮作业效果；火箭和飞机作为线源催化，1 h 内达到有效催化浓度的宽度分别为7和6．6 km，此宽度可作为多线播撒作业飞行间距设计的参考依据；飞机单线播撒达不到充分催化的要求，而耕作式播撒，在风速作用下，扩散区域会分散或重叠。根据风速大小设计的“8”字形来回播撒飞行路线，可使目标区得到充分播撒。在扩散计算方案研究基础上研发的各类催化扩散计算和作业设计软件系统，可方便准确地计算飞机、高炮和火箭实际作业时催化剂在云中扩散的范围、浓度及其随时间的演变，并可针对不同目标区进行充分播撒催化的作业设计，结果直观简明，为催化扩散计算的实际业务应用和作业设计提供了帮助。
문장기우확산계산적해석해，제출료침대고포、화전화비궤등불동최화방식적점원、다선원화이동점원적수치계산방안，분별연구료불동최화방식최화제확산규률화유효범위，병이용위성포획적일차비궤파운실례검험료계산방안，동시연구료실현목표구충분최화적작업설계등문제。주요결론유：고포주위점원최화，단개고포작업，체도유효최화농도적범위반경약지유0．5 km，응당채용다포탄밀집작업，비교유리우농도화최화범위적유지，제고포탄성핵솔능구흔대정도지제고고포작업효과；화전화비궤작위선원최화，1 h 내체도유효최화농도적관도분별위7화6．6 km，차관도가작위다선파살작업비행간거설계적삼고의거；비궤단선파살체불도충분최화적요구，이경작식파살，재풍속작용하，확산구역회분산혹중첩。근거풍속대소설계적“8”자형래회파살비행로선，가사목표구득도충분파살。재확산계산방안연구기출상연발적각류최화확산계산화작업설계연건계통，가방편준학지계산비궤、고포화화전실제작업시최화제재운중확산적범위、농도급기수시간적연변，병가침대불동목표구진행충분파살최화적작업설계，결과직관간명，위최화확산계산적실제업무응용화작업설계제공료방조。
This article gave out the diffusion calculation model of different seeding ways such as antiaircraft-gun,rocket and plane,based on the analytical solution of cloud seeding diffusion in clouds,and studied the diffusion regularity and effective range of different seeding ways.Farthermore,the paper examined the calculation scheme by using a flight seeding track caught by satellite,and discussed the problems such as adequate seeding flight designing.The main conclusions are as follows:Taking antiaircraft-gun as point source,and using single antiaircraft-gun for work,the operation range is found to be only 0.5 km.So,it would be better if we take multi-shell for work to keep concentration and diffusion range,and the result can be improved largely when nucleation rate is raised.The works of rockets and planes are regarded as line sources.The widths beyond threshold value one hour after seeding are 7 km and 6.6 km,which can be taken as the basis of multi-line seeding flight interval.Single line seeding cannot reach the requirement of sufficient catalyzing.Impacted by winds,the diffusion area would disperse or overlap when using ‘S’ seeding way.So,the ‘8’form flight route design based on wind velocity can make the target area get adequate seeded.The cloud seeding diffusion calculation and work designing software developed based on diffusion calculation model are convenient to calculate the diffusion range,concentration and evolution by using plane,antiaircraft-gun and rocket in real operations.Besides,it is effective in designing the seeding ways for different target areas,and the results are direct and clear,offering assistance for actual operation-al application and seeding designing of diffusion calculation.