CAJ | 학술논문

本文利用 NCEP-FNL 分析资料、自动站观测资料、卫星云图、天气雷达探测资料以及 WRF 模式的模拟结果，对2012年7月14日新疆克拉玛依罕见的短时强降雨和冰雹强对流天气的机理进行了诊断分析，结果表明：在大尺度湿性不稳定层结的环境场中，冷空气的入侵在山区地形配合下，在背风坡侧造成强烈的水平温度梯度和地面辐合线，利于强对流的发生。WRF 模拟结果显示，高低空风速大值区的配置，环境风场的垂直切变，垂直方向上假相当位温的鞍形配置给垂直上升运动的加强提供基础，使最大上升速度达到6．5 m·s-1，上升高度达9 km，同时也看到，由于中层湿中性层结较薄，难以长时间维持上升运动的发展，上升运动区较为窄小，强降雨发生区域仅为二十几千米。山区地形对强对流发展的作用较为复杂但也很明显，地形阻挡加强了地面风场的切变辐合，同时气流过山引发正负位势涡度带的生成和传播，激发垂直环流的形成，为强对流发展提供动力条件。
본문이용 NCEP-FNL 분석자료、자동참관측자료、위성운도、천기뢰체탐측자료이급 WRF 모식적모의결과，대2012년7월14일신강극랍마의한견적단시강강우화빙박강대류천기적궤리진행료진단분석，결과표명：재대척도습성불은정층결적배경장중，랭공기적입침재산구지형배합하，재배풍파측조성강렬적수평온도제도화지면복합선，리우강대류적발생。WRF 모의결과현시，고저공풍속대치구적배치，배경풍장적수직절변，수직방향상가상당위온적안형배치급수직상승운동적가강제공기출，사최대상승속도체도6．5 m·s-1，상승고도체9 km，동시야간도，유우중층습중성층결교박，난이장시간유지상승운동적발전，상승운동구교위착소，강강우발생구역부위이십궤천미。산구지형대강대류발전적작용교위복잡단야흔명현，지형조당가강료지면풍장적절변복합，동시기류과산인발정부위세와도대적생성화전파，격발수직배류적형성，위강대류발전제공동력조건。
One severe convective weather event which is so rarely seen in arid areas,occurred in Karamay City of Xinjiang on 14 July 2012.The convective event lasted for more than an hour,accompanied by short-time severe downpour and hail.The process of convection is studied with composite dataset including NCEP-FNL analyses,automatic weather station observations,satellite cloud image,Doppler weather ra-dar and simulations of mesoscale numerical model WRF.The results show that,in the background of large-scale instable moist stratification and complex mountain terrain,horizontal temperature gradient and topographic convergence shear get enhanced on the lee side of mountain where convective weather develops easily.The numerical simulation results of WRF model indicate that the configuration of high-and low-level wind,vertical shear of horizontal wind and saddle type of vertical pseudo-equivalent potential temper-ature provides power for the ascending motion,driving the W-wind speed rapidly to the maximum 6.5 m· s-1 and top level of ascending up to 9 km.The thin layer of moist neutral stratification limits the growing of vertical ascending motion so that the area of ascending motion is narrow and small,causing the severe precipitation to happen only in a local area.Mountainous terrain plays an obvious and complicated role in developing strong convection.The convergence of ground wind is enhanced by orographic effect,and the nonlinear disturbance of airflow over mountain prompts the rapid development of severe convection.