华北农学报
華北農學報
화북농학보
ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA
2014年
4期
192-197
,共6页
马守臣%张紧紧%冯荣成%邵云%胡永娟%马守田%王文斐
馬守臣%張緊緊%馮榮成%邵雲%鬍永娟%馬守田%王文斐
마수신%장긴긴%풍영성%소운%호영연%마수전%왕문비
耕作%有机肥%土壤%微生物%酶活%养分
耕作%有機肥%土壤%微生物%酶活%養分
경작%유궤비%토양%미생물%매활%양분
Tillage%Organic fertilizer%Soil%Microbes%Enzyme activity%Nutrient
为了探讨深耕和施用有机肥对土壤的培肥效应,在5年田间定位试验基础上,研究了深耕( DCK)、深耕+有机肥(DOF)、浅耕(SCK)、浅耕+有机肥(SOF)4个处理对土壤微生物数量、酶活性、含水量、养分含量的影响。结果表明,在不施有机肥条件下,深耕处理0~40 cm土层真菌、放线菌数量均显著高于浅耕,但细菌数量仅在20~40 cm土层显著高于浅耕。增施有机肥能显著增加微生物数量,在0~20 cm土层,DOF处理细菌、真菌、放线菌数量分别比DCK增加了180.6%,53.6%,19.8%,SOF处理分别比SCK处理增加了8.0%,14.2%,36.9%。与浅耕相比,深耕可显著提高土壤脲酶活性和土壤含水量。在深耕条件下,施用有机肥可显著提高脲酶活性和土壤含水量,在0~20 cm和20~40 cm土层,DOF处理脲酶活性分别比DCK处理提高11.9%和54.3%,DOF处理含水量分别比DCK处理提高了4.67%和4.49%。深耕有助于提高20~40 cm土层土壤全氮、全磷含量,而浅耕有助于提高0~20 cm土层土壤全氮、全磷含量。施用有机肥可提高表层土壤全氮、全磷含量,在0~20 cm土层,SOF处理全氮、全磷含量比SCK处理增加了36.24%,5.54%,DOF处理比DCK处理增加了8.98%,37.72%。可见,深耕+有机肥对改善土壤微环境、提高土壤肥力具有显著效果。
為瞭探討深耕和施用有機肥對土壤的培肥效應,在5年田間定位試驗基礎上,研究瞭深耕( DCK)、深耕+有機肥(DOF)、淺耕(SCK)、淺耕+有機肥(SOF)4箇處理對土壤微生物數量、酶活性、含水量、養分含量的影響。結果錶明,在不施有機肥條件下,深耕處理0~40 cm土層真菌、放線菌數量均顯著高于淺耕,但細菌數量僅在20~40 cm土層顯著高于淺耕。增施有機肥能顯著增加微生物數量,在0~20 cm土層,DOF處理細菌、真菌、放線菌數量分彆比DCK增加瞭180.6%,53.6%,19.8%,SOF處理分彆比SCK處理增加瞭8.0%,14.2%,36.9%。與淺耕相比,深耕可顯著提高土壤脲酶活性和土壤含水量。在深耕條件下,施用有機肥可顯著提高脲酶活性和土壤含水量,在0~20 cm和20~40 cm土層,DOF處理脲酶活性分彆比DCK處理提高11.9%和54.3%,DOF處理含水量分彆比DCK處理提高瞭4.67%和4.49%。深耕有助于提高20~40 cm土層土壤全氮、全燐含量,而淺耕有助于提高0~20 cm土層土壤全氮、全燐含量。施用有機肥可提高錶層土壤全氮、全燐含量,在0~20 cm土層,SOF處理全氮、全燐含量比SCK處理增加瞭36.24%,5.54%,DOF處理比DCK處理增加瞭8.98%,37.72%。可見,深耕+有機肥對改善土壤微環境、提高土壤肥力具有顯著效果。
위료탐토심경화시용유궤비대토양적배비효응,재5년전간정위시험기출상,연구료심경( DCK)、심경+유궤비(DOF)、천경(SCK)、천경+유궤비(SOF)4개처리대토양미생물수량、매활성、함수량、양분함량적영향。결과표명,재불시유궤비조건하,심경처리0~40 cm토층진균、방선균수량균현저고우천경,단세균수량부재20~40 cm토층현저고우천경。증시유궤비능현저증가미생물수량,재0~20 cm토층,DOF처리세균、진균、방선균수량분별비DCK증가료180.6%,53.6%,19.8%,SOF처리분별비SCK처리증가료8.0%,14.2%,36.9%。여천경상비,심경가현저제고토양뇨매활성화토양함수량。재심경조건하,시용유궤비가현저제고뇨매활성화토양함수량,재0~20 cm화20~40 cm토층,DOF처리뇨매활성분별비DCK처리제고11.9%화54.3%,DOF처리함수량분별비DCK처리제고료4.67%화4.49%。심경유조우제고20~40 cm토층토양전담、전린함량,이천경유조우제고0~20 cm토층토양전담、전린함량。시용유궤비가제고표층토양전담、전린함량,재0~20 cm토층,SOF처리전담、전린함량비SCK처리증가료36.24%,5.54%,DOF처리비DCK처리증가료8.98%,37.72%。가견,심경+유궤비대개선토양미배경、제고토양비력구유현저효과。
A field experiment was conducted to determine the effects of different tillage and fertilization meas-ures on the microbial quantity ,enzyme activity ,moisture and nutrients of soil .Four tillage and fertilization treatments were selected:deep tillage(DCK),deep tillage+organic fertilizer(DOF),shallow tillage(SCK),and shallow tillage+organic fertilizer(SOF).The results of 5-year field experiments showed that,without the application of organic fertilizer ,the number of fungi and actinomycetes in 0-40 cm soil layer was significantly higher in DCK than in SCK ( P<0 .05 ) ,while the number of bacteria in DCK was significantly higher only in 20-40 cm soil layer than that of SCK.Organic fertilizer could significantly increase the number of microorganisms (P<0.05).In 0-20 cm soil lay-er,the numbers of bacteria,fungi and actinomycetes in DOF treatment increased by 180.6%,53.6%and 19.8%, respectively,compared to DCK,while in SOF treatment increased by 8%,14.2% and 36.9%,respectively,com-pared to SCK .Deep tillage could increase the soil urease activity and soil water content compared with shallow till -age(P<0.05).Application of organic fertilizer could significantly increase the urease activity and soil water con-tent under deep tillage condition .In 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil layer,the urease activity of DOF treatment in-creased by 11.9%and 54.3%,respectively,and the soil water content of DOF increased by 4.67%and 4.49%, respectively ,compared with DCK .Deep tillage helped to increase the content of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in 20-40 cm soil layer ,while shallow tillage helped to increase the content of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in 0-20 cm soil layer .Application of organic fertilizer could increase the contents of total nitrogen and total phosphor-us in 0 -20 cm soil layer .The contents of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in SOF treatment increased by 36.24%and 5.54%,respectively,and the content of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in DOF treatment in-creased by 8.98%and 37.72%,respectively,compared to DCK.It was clear that deep tillage +organic fertilizer could significantly improve the soil micro-environment and soil fertility .