CAJ | 학술논문

目的：调查并分析舰载直升机飞行员亚丁湾护航期间疲劳状况及其影响因素,探讨长航中疲劳发生规律。方法于长航前1天,长航第6、12、18、30、60、90天,返航后1天采用《疲劳自觉症状调查表(2002版)》对2008-2011年我国亚丁湾护航期间海军某部军舰31名驻舰直升机飞行员的疲劳状况进行调查,并分析疲劳的影响因素。结果本组长航期间疲劳发生率为93.95%,非常明显症状总发生率为22.58%。困倦感发生比例最高(88.31%),得分在长航第6天最低(P<0.05),返航后1天最高(P<0.05)；情绪不安感得分波动最大,自长航第12天起显著升高(P<0.05),18天时达最高(P<0.05),90天时至返航后1天恢复较低水平；不快感得分在长航第18、30天时显著升高(P<0.05),后降至中等水平并持续至返航后1天；怠倦感得分全程无显著变化(P>0.05)。视觉疲劳感得分在长航后期(第60天)显著升高(P<0.01),持续至返航后1天仍未恢复(P<0.01)。飞行员长航期间平均疲劳总分与年龄、学历及飞行时间无关(P>0.05),与兵科、体重指数(BMI)呈显著正相关(r=0.224、0.352,P<0.05)。结论在舰艇长航的医学保障过程中需依据疲劳发生规律及影响因素进行针对性地预防与干预,最大限度缓解舰载直升机飞行员的疲劳状态,以维护飞行员的健康,保障飞行安全。
목적：조사병분석함재직승궤비행원아정만호항기간피로상황급기영향인소,탐토장항중피로발생규률。방법우장항전1천,장항제6、12、18、30、60、90천,반항후1천채용《피로자각증상조사표(2002판)》대2008-2011년아국아정만호항기간해군모부군함31명주함직승궤비행원적피로상황진행조사,병분석피로적영향인소。결과본조장항기간피로발생솔위93.95%,비상명현증상총발생솔위22.58%。곤권감발생비례최고(88.31%),득분재장항제6천최저(P<0.05),반항후1천최고(P<0.05)；정서불안감득분파동최대,자장항제12천기현저승고(P<0.05),18천시체최고(P<0.05),90천시지반항후1천회복교저수평；불쾌감득분재장항제18、30천시현저승고(P<0.05),후강지중등수평병지속지반항후1천；태권감득분전정무현저변화(P>0.05)。시각피로감득분재장항후기(제60천)현저승고(P<0.01),지속지반항후1천잉미회복(P<0.01)。비행원장항기간평균피로총분여년령、학력급비행시간무관(P>0.05),여병과、체중지수(BMI)정현저정상관(r=0.224、0.352,P<0.05)。결론재함정장항적의학보장과정중수의거피로발생규률급영향인소진행침대성지예방여간예,최대한도완해함재직승궤비행원적피로상태,이유호비행원적건강,보장비행안전。
Objective To investigate fatigue status of seabased helicopter pilots during escort mission in Gulf of Arden and influential factors to explore the rule of fatigue occurrence during long-term navigation. Methods The fatigue status of 31 seabased helicopter pilots of Chinese Navy taking part in escort missions in Gulf of Arden from 2008 to 2011 was investigated on 1 d before the long navigation, on 6th d, 12th d, 18th d, 30th d, 60th d and 90th d during the navigation and on 1st d after the long navigation with Fatigue Self-assessment Scale (2012 edition), and the influential factors were analyzed. Results The incidence rate of fatigue during long-term navigation was 93. 95%, and total incidence rate of o-vert symptoms was 22. 58%. The highest incidence rate was drowsiness (88. 31%), the lowest score was registered on the 6th d during the mission (P<0. 05), and the highest score was on 1 d after the navigation (P<0. 05);the most fluc-tuated value was uneasiness, and the value was significantly elevated from 12th d during the mission (P<0. 05), and the top point was registered on the 18th d (P<0. 05), and then the value dropped back to a lower level on the 90th d till 1 d after navigation;the unpleasantness scores on 18 th d and 30 th d during the mission significantly increased ( P<0. 05 ) , and then the score returned to middle level till 1 d after navigation; there was no significant difference in taediumvitae score during the navigation (P>0. 05);the score of visual fatigue was significantly elevated from 60th d during the mis-sion(P<0. 01), and elevated score remained until 1st d after the navigation (P<0. 01). The average fatigue scores of pilots in long-term navigation was not related to age, education and flight time (P>0. 05), but it was significantly corre-lated with major and body mass index (BMI) positively (r=0. 224,0. 352, P<0. 05). Conclusion The prevention and intervention of medical health service for pilots during long-term navigation should be based on occurrence rule and influential factors to relieve fatigue symptoms maximatily in order to maintain good physical health of the pilots and ensure flight safety.