中国实用医刊
中國實用醫刊
중국실용의간
CENTRAL PLAINS MEDICAL JOURNAL
2014年
17期
41-45
,共5页
婴儿%新生%舒芬太尼%全身麻醉%Ⅲ型食道闭锁%自主呼吸通气
嬰兒%新生%舒芬太尼%全身痳醉%Ⅲ型食道閉鎖%自主呼吸通氣
영인%신생%서분태니%전신마취%Ⅲ형식도폐쇄%자주호흡통기
Infant%Newborn%Sufentanil%General anesthesia%Type Ⅲ esophageal atresia%Spontaneous breath
目的:通过对新生儿Ⅲ型食道闭锁矫治手术在结扎食管气管瘘前采用小剂量舒芬太尼慢诱导保留自主呼吸通气和瑞芬太尼快诱导间歇正压机械通气两种方法对患儿呼吸及循环功能影响的对比研究,得出最佳的麻醉和通气方法。方法选择80例新生儿Ⅲ型食道闭锁患儿,1~6日龄,体质量1.75~2.8 kg,性别不限,采用随机数字表法,将其分为R、S两组(n=40)。吸入1%~5%七氟烷(氧流量2 L/min)使患儿安静后,R组应用瑞芬太尼1~2μg/kg、罗库溴铵0.45 mg/kg静脉推注快速诱导气管插管,间歇正压机械通气压力控制模式(PCV)控制呼吸,静脉泵注瑞芬太尼0.1~0.2μg/(kg·min);S组应用舒芬太尼0.1~0.2μg/kg缓慢静脉推注,慢诱导气管插管保留自主呼吸通气,开胸后根据患儿自主呼吸情况给予SIMV﹢PSV模式,结扎食管气管瘘后给予罗库溴铵0.45 mg/kg静脉推注,改行压力控制模式(PCV),同时静脉泵注瑞芬太尼0.1~0.2μg/(kg·min)。两组患儿持续吸入七氟烷使MAC值维持在0.8。分别在术前、气管插管后、结扎瘘口前、结扎瘘口后、手术结束前五个时点监测动脉血气,对比 R、S 两组血气分析指标( PO2、PCO2、SO2、pH )以及呼吸循环监测指标( HR、MAP、PetCO2、SpO2)。结果循环指标与R组相比,S组在T1~T3时点HR和MAP明显较稳定(P﹤0.01)。呼吸指标与R组相比,S组在T1、T2时点SpO2较高(P﹤0.05),T1~T3时点PetCO2较低(P﹤0.05)。血气分析指标:与R组相比:PaCO2 T1~T4各时点均较低(P﹤0.05),其中T2、T4明显较低(P﹤0.01),PaO2、SO2、pH在T1、T2时点较高(P﹤0.05)。术后随访,与R组相比,S组呼吸机治疗时间较短(P﹤0.05),出院时间缩短(P﹤0.05),肺部并发症较少(R组患儿肺不张6例、气胸2例,S组无一例肺部并发症)。结论在新生儿Ⅲ型食道闭锁矫治手术中,采用舒芬太尼慢诱导、结扎食管气管瘘前保留自主呼吸通气对患儿生理功能影响较小,呼吸、循环功能更稳定,肺部并发症较少,是较理想的麻醉和通气方法。
目的:通過對新生兒Ⅲ型食道閉鎖矯治手術在結扎食管氣管瘺前採用小劑量舒芬太尼慢誘導保留自主呼吸通氣和瑞芬太尼快誘導間歇正壓機械通氣兩種方法對患兒呼吸及循環功能影響的對比研究,得齣最佳的痳醉和通氣方法。方法選擇80例新生兒Ⅲ型食道閉鎖患兒,1~6日齡,體質量1.75~2.8 kg,性彆不限,採用隨機數字錶法,將其分為R、S兩組(n=40)。吸入1%~5%七氟烷(氧流量2 L/min)使患兒安靜後,R組應用瑞芬太尼1~2μg/kg、囉庫溴銨0.45 mg/kg靜脈推註快速誘導氣管插管,間歇正壓機械通氣壓力控製模式(PCV)控製呼吸,靜脈泵註瑞芬太尼0.1~0.2μg/(kg·min);S組應用舒芬太尼0.1~0.2μg/kg緩慢靜脈推註,慢誘導氣管插管保留自主呼吸通氣,開胸後根據患兒自主呼吸情況給予SIMV﹢PSV模式,結扎食管氣管瘺後給予囉庫溴銨0.45 mg/kg靜脈推註,改行壓力控製模式(PCV),同時靜脈泵註瑞芬太尼0.1~0.2μg/(kg·min)。兩組患兒持續吸入七氟烷使MAC值維持在0.8。分彆在術前、氣管插管後、結扎瘺口前、結扎瘺口後、手術結束前五箇時點鑑測動脈血氣,對比 R、S 兩組血氣分析指標( PO2、PCO2、SO2、pH )以及呼吸循環鑑測指標( HR、MAP、PetCO2、SpO2)。結果循環指標與R組相比,S組在T1~T3時點HR和MAP明顯較穩定(P﹤0.01)。呼吸指標與R組相比,S組在T1、T2時點SpO2較高(P﹤0.05),T1~T3時點PetCO2較低(P﹤0.05)。血氣分析指標:與R組相比:PaCO2 T1~T4各時點均較低(P﹤0.05),其中T2、T4明顯較低(P﹤0.01),PaO2、SO2、pH在T1、T2時點較高(P﹤0.05)。術後隨訪,與R組相比,S組呼吸機治療時間較短(P﹤0.05),齣院時間縮短(P﹤0.05),肺部併髮癥較少(R組患兒肺不張6例、氣胸2例,S組無一例肺部併髮癥)。結論在新生兒Ⅲ型食道閉鎖矯治手術中,採用舒芬太尼慢誘導、結扎食管氣管瘺前保留自主呼吸通氣對患兒生理功能影響較小,呼吸、循環功能更穩定,肺部併髮癥較少,是較理想的痳醉和通氣方法。
목적:통과대신생인Ⅲ형식도폐쇄교치수술재결찰식관기관루전채용소제량서분태니만유도보류자주호흡통기화서분태니쾌유도간헐정압궤계통기량충방법대환인호흡급순배공능영향적대비연구,득출최가적마취화통기방법。방법선택80례신생인Ⅲ형식도폐쇄환인,1~6일령,체질량1.75~2.8 kg,성별불한,채용수궤수자표법,장기분위R、S량조(n=40)。흡입1%~5%칠불완(양류량2 L/min)사환인안정후,R조응용서분태니1~2μg/kg、라고추안0.45 mg/kg정맥추주쾌속유도기관삽관,간헐정압궤계통기압력공제모식(PCV)공제호흡,정맥빙주서분태니0.1~0.2μg/(kg·min);S조응용서분태니0.1~0.2μg/kg완만정맥추주,만유도기관삽관보류자주호흡통기,개흉후근거환인자주호흡정황급여SIMV﹢PSV모식,결찰식관기관루후급여라고추안0.45 mg/kg정맥추주,개행압력공제모식(PCV),동시정맥빙주서분태니0.1~0.2μg/(kg·min)。량조환인지속흡입칠불완사MAC치유지재0.8。분별재술전、기관삽관후、결찰루구전、결찰루구후、수술결속전오개시점감측동맥혈기,대비 R、S 량조혈기분석지표( PO2、PCO2、SO2、pH )이급호흡순배감측지표( HR、MAP、PetCO2、SpO2)。결과순배지표여R조상비,S조재T1~T3시점HR화MAP명현교은정(P﹤0.01)。호흡지표여R조상비,S조재T1、T2시점SpO2교고(P﹤0.05),T1~T3시점PetCO2교저(P﹤0.05)。혈기분석지표:여R조상비:PaCO2 T1~T4각시점균교저(P﹤0.05),기중T2、T4명현교저(P﹤0.01),PaO2、SO2、pH재T1、T2시점교고(P﹤0.05)。술후수방,여R조상비,S조호흡궤치료시간교단(P﹤0.05),출원시간축단(P﹤0.05),폐부병발증교소(R조환인폐불장6례、기흉2례,S조무일례폐부병발증)。결론재신생인Ⅲ형식도폐쇄교치수술중,채용서분태니만유도、결찰식관기관루전보류자주호흡통기대환인생리공능영향교소,호흡、순배공능경은정,폐부병발증교소,시교이상적마취화통기방법。
Objective To conclude the better anesthetic method and ventilation method in Neonatal Ⅲ type esophageal atresia and correcting surgery before ligation esophageal tracheal fistula, slow induction by small dose Sufentanil with spontaneous breath and fast induction using Remifentanil with intermittent positive pressure mechanical ventilation,on the funtion of respiratory and circulation. Methods Eighty cases of neonatal Ⅲ esophageal atresia of both sexes,aged 1 -6 days,weighing 1. 75-2. 8 kg,scheduled for pyloromyotomy,were randomly divided into R group and S group( n =40 ). After making the children quiet by inhaling 1% -5% Sevoflurane( oxygen flow 2 L/min),patients in group R received intravenous injection of Remifentanil 1 -2 μg/kg,rocuronium 0. 45 mg/kg,then control the respiratory by intermittent positive pressure mechanical ventilation pressure control mode ( PCV) after endotracheal intubation,and patients in group S received slow intravenous injection of Sufentanil 0. 1-0. 2 μg/(kg·min)with spontaneous breath after endotracheal intubation,then used SIMV﹢PSV pattern after thoracotomy. According to the situation of children with spontaneous breathing, rocuronium 0. 45 mg/kg was injected after ligation of esophageal tracheal fistula,then change the patten to PCV,Remifentanil 0. 1-0. 2 μg/(kg·min)was used at the same time. The two group patients in-haled sevoflurane continuously,MAC value was controled at 0. 8. Monitor arterial blood gas at the points of preoperative,after endotracheal intubation,before and after Ligation fistula,before the end of the op-eration. The blood gas analysis index(PO2,PCO2,SO2,pH),and respiratory monitoring indicators ( HR,MAP,PetCO2 ,SPO2 )between group R and S was compared. Results Circulation:the HR and MAP of group S during T1 -T3 was more stable than those of group R( P﹤0 . 01 ). Respirato-ry:compared with group R ,the SPO2 of group S during T1 -T2 was higher( P﹤0 . 05 ),the Pet-CO2 of group S during T1 -T3 was lower( P﹤0 . 05 ). Arterial blood gas:compared with group R, the PaCO2 of group S during T1 -T4 was lower,T2 ,T4 significantly lower( P ﹤0 . 01 ),PaO2 , SO2 ,pH at T1 ,T2 point was higher( P﹤0 . 05 ). Postperation:compared with group R,the respi-rator treatment time and hospital days of group S was shorter,the pulmonary complications of group S were less( in group R,6 patients with atelectasis,2 cases pneumothorax;no pulmonary complica-tions in group S). Conclusions In NeonatalⅢ type esophageal atresia and correcting surgery,the method,slow induction using small dose Sufentanil with spontaneous breath before ligation esophage-al tracheal fistula,is an ideal anesthetic and ventilation method,because it has smaller effect on phi-siological function of children,during surgery the patients have more stable circulation and respirato-ry,less pulmonary complications.