CAJ | 학술논문

目的：通过对病残儿医学鉴定结果的分析，了解导致病残儿的疾病种类、病因，以预防和减少病残儿的发生。方法：对2008~2012年经黄山市专家委员会鉴定符合病残儿医学鉴定标准的311例病残儿资料进行整理分析。结果：311例病残儿中，遗传性疾病99例，以多基因遗传病、常染色体隐性遗传病、常染色体显性遗传病发病率较高。非遗传性疾病212例，位列前5位的非遗传性疾病为：精神发育迟滞、脑组织损伤（脑性瘫痪、大脑发育不全、不良、脑萎缩、脑积水）、癫痫、先天性心脏病、恶性肿瘤（含颅内肿瘤）。结论：为提高人口素质，预防和减少病残儿的发生，必须普及优生优育知识，建立健全出生缺陷干预机制。
목적：통과대병잔인의학감정결과적분석，료해도치병잔인적질병충류、병인，이예방화감소병잔인적발생。방법：대2008~2012년경황산시전가위원회감정부합병잔인의학감정표준적311례병잔인자료진행정리분석。결과：311례병잔인중，유전성질병99례，이다기인유전병、상염색체은성유전병、상염색체현성유전병발병솔교고。비유전성질병212례，위렬전5위적비유전성질병위：정신발육지체、뇌조직손상（뇌성탄탄、대뇌발육불전、불량、뇌위축、뇌적수）、전간、선천성심장병、악성종류（함로내종류）。결론：위제고인구소질，예방화감소병잔인적발생，필수보급우생우육지식，건립건전출생결함간예궤제。
Objective:Understand the types and causes of diseases of handicapped children by analyzing medical evaluation result. Methods:Organize and analyze the materials of 311 cases handicapped children identified by the expert committee of Huangshan City in the year 2008~2012. Results: 311 cases of handicapped children were identified to meet the handicapped children, of which 99 cases were hereditary diseases. Polygenic disease, autosomal recessive genetic disease and autosomal dominant genetic disease have higher incidence rate. And 212 cases were non-hereditary diseases, among them the top five diseases were:mental retardation, brain damage (cerebral palsy, cerebral hypoplasia, poor, cerebral atrophy, hydrocephalus), epilepsy, congenital heart disease, malignancy (Including intracranial tumors). Conclusion: In order to improve the population quality, prevent and reduce the incidence of handicapped children, we must popularize knowledge of prenatal and postnatal care, establish and improve birth defect intervention mechanism.