CAJ | 학술논문

农村消费%消费方式%传统消费方式%现代消费方式%耐用消费品%新农村建设%改善农村环境%提高农民素质%农民增收%扩大内需農村消費%消費方式%傳統消費方式%現代消費方式%耐用消費品%新農村建設%改善農村環境%提高農民素質%農民增收%擴大內需
농촌소비%소비방식%전통소비방식%현대소비방식%내용소비품%신농촌건설%개선농촌배경%제고농민소질%농민증수%확대내수
rural consumption%consumption method%traditional consumption method%modern consumption method%durable product consumption%village reconstruction%rural environment improvement%peasant quality promotion%peasant income increase%domestic demand enlargement

改革开放以来，我国农村消费方式从与传统农业生产相适应的分散化、个体化、封闭性、低层次的传统消费方式，逐步向集中化、社会化、市场化、重视享受与发展的现代消费方式转变；其中，农村耐用消费品消费从“贫困-温饱”到“温饱-小康”再到“小康-全面小康”的三个阶段特征表现得尤为明显；消费习惯、消费者的自我认同、社会分层属性、区域位置、消费制度、家庭生命周期以及家庭收入是影响农村耐用消费品消费方式及其演进方向的重要因素。消费方式的变迁可以直接带来消费量的增加，而消费方式的变迁综合地取决于农民自身因素、农村客观环境因素和农民收入；同时推动消费方式变迁和农民收入增加，可以用较小的社会变革实现农村消费的较快增长。因此，新农村建设应“改善农村环境”“增加农民收入”“提高农民素质”三者并重，才能更有效地促进农村消费。
개혁개방이래，아국농촌소비방식종여전통농업생산상괄응적분산화、개체화、봉폐성、저층차적전통소비방식，축보향집중화、사회화、시장화、중시향수여발전적현대소비방식전변；기중，농촌내용소비품소비종“빈곤-온포”도“온포-소강”재도“소강-전면소강”적삼개계단특정표현득우위명현；소비습관、소비자적자아인동、사회분층속성、구역위치、소비제도、가정생명주기이급가정수입시영향농촌내용소비품소비방식급기연진방향적중요인소。소비방식적변천가이직접대래소비량적증가，이소비방식적변천종합지취결우농민자신인소、농촌객관배경인소화농민수입；동시추동소비방식변천화농민수입증가，가이용교소적사회변혁실현농촌소비적교쾌증장。인차，신농촌건설응“개선농촌배경”“증가농민수입”“제고농민소질”삼자병중，재능경유효지촉진농촌소비。
Since the reform and opening-up, China ’ s rural consumption methods gradually evolve from the traditional consumption methods such as decentralization, individualization, closure and low level which befit the traditional agriculture to modern consumption methods such as centralization, socialization and marketization which focus on the enjoyment and development, among which the consumption of rural durable products significantly shows the feature from“poverty to ample food and clothing”, then from“ample food and clothing to all-round well-being”, then from “all-round well-being to overall all-round well-being”, and the important factors affecting rural durable product consumption methods and their evolution direction are consumption habit, self-cognition of the consumers, social hierarchy attribution, regional location, consumption system, household life cycle and family income. Consumption method evolution can directly bring the increase of consumption quantity, however, the consumption method evolution comprehensively depends on the self-factor of the peasants, rural objective environment factors and the income of the peasants, and meanwhile, the promotion of the consumption method evolution and the peasant income increase can relatively use small social reform to realize the rapid increase of rural consumption. Thus, village reconstruction should pay the same attention to “improving rural environment”,“increasing the income of the peasants” and“raising the quality of the peasants” so that rural consumption can be effectively boosted.