中国科学技术大学学报
中國科學技術大學學報
중국과학기술대학학보
JOURNAL OF UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF CHINA
2014年
8期
689-696
,共8页
铜尾矿%底泥%豆科植物%无机氮
銅尾礦%底泥%豆科植物%無機氮
동미광%저니%두과식물%무궤담
copper mine tailings%sediment%leguminous plants%inorganic nitrogen
以铜尾矿砂为盆栽基质，加入不同比例腐熟风干巢湖底泥为处理模式，盆栽3种豆科植物菽麻（Crotalaria juncea）、紫穗槐（Amorpha f ruticosa）和洋槐（Robinia pseudoacacia），研究巢湖底泥改良铜尾矿对豆科植物生长发育及基质无机氮素组分的影响．结果表明：①洋槐和菽麻叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素a＋b值均表现最大；3种豆科植物叶绿素a/b比值在0.89至1.18之间，且随着巢湖底泥添加比例的增加，均有增大的趋势；在同一底泥比例处理方式中，菽麻叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素a＋b值均显著高于紫穗槐和洋槐（P＜0.05）．②随着巢湖底泥比例的增加，3种植物叶片中SOD和POD酶活性均表现出逐渐变大的趋势．③添加巢湖底泥改良处理后，3种豆科植物生长的尾矿基质中均以硝态氮为有效氮的主要形态，达到总无机氮含量的85.5％～93.84％．④添加巢湖底泥改良处理后，尾矿基质中铵态氮、硝态氮含量分别表现为：紫穗槐是对照的1.00～1.34倍和1.18～1.57倍；菽麻是对照的1.33～3.24倍和0.74～1.10倍；洋槐是对照的0.85～1.16倍和1.03～1.09倍．综合分析表明，巢湖底泥可有效改良铜尾矿基质营养条件，促进植物生长；在改良条件下3种植物均可作为铜尾矿人工植物修复物种，其中菽麻最优．
以銅尾礦砂為盆栽基質，加入不同比例腐熟風榦巢湖底泥為處理模式，盆栽3種豆科植物菽痳（Crotalaria juncea）、紫穗槐（Amorpha f ruticosa）和洋槐（Robinia pseudoacacia），研究巢湖底泥改良銅尾礦對豆科植物生長髮育及基質無機氮素組分的影響．結果錶明：①洋槐和菽痳葉綠素a、葉綠素b、葉綠素a＋b值均錶現最大；3種豆科植物葉綠素a/b比值在0.89至1.18之間，且隨著巢湖底泥添加比例的增加，均有增大的趨勢；在同一底泥比例處理方式中，菽痳葉綠素a、葉綠素b、葉綠素a＋b值均顯著高于紫穗槐和洋槐（P＜0.05）．②隨著巢湖底泥比例的增加，3種植物葉片中SOD和POD酶活性均錶現齣逐漸變大的趨勢．③添加巢湖底泥改良處理後，3種豆科植物生長的尾礦基質中均以硝態氮為有效氮的主要形態，達到總無機氮含量的85.5％～93.84％．④添加巢湖底泥改良處理後，尾礦基質中銨態氮、硝態氮含量分彆錶現為：紫穗槐是對照的1.00～1.34倍和1.18～1.57倍；菽痳是對照的1.33～3.24倍和0.74～1.10倍；洋槐是對照的0.85～1.16倍和1.03～1.09倍．綜閤分析錶明，巢湖底泥可有效改良銅尾礦基質營養條件，促進植物生長；在改良條件下3種植物均可作為銅尾礦人工植物脩複物種，其中菽痳最優．
이동미광사위분재기질，가입불동비례부숙풍간소호저니위처리모식，분재3충두과식물숙마（Crotalaria juncea）、자수괴（Amorpha f ruticosa）화양괴（Robinia pseudoacacia），연구소호저니개량동미광대두과식물생장발육급기질무궤담소조분적영향．결과표명：①양괴화숙마협록소a、협록소b、협록소a＋b치균표현최대；3충두과식물협록소a/b비치재0.89지1.18지간，차수착소호저니첨가비례적증가，균유증대적추세；재동일저니비례처리방식중，숙마협록소a、협록소b、협록소a＋b치균현저고우자수괴화양괴（P＜0.05）．②수착소호저니비례적증가，3충식물협편중SOD화POD매활성균표현출축점변대적추세．③첨가소호저니개량처리후，3충두과식물생장적미광기질중균이초태담위유효담적주요형태，체도총무궤담함량적85.5％～93.84％．④첨가소호저니개량처리후，미광기질중안태담、초태담함량분별표현위：자수괴시대조적1.00～1.34배화1.18～1.57배；숙마시대조적1.33～3.24배화0.74～1.10배；양괴시대조적0.85～1.16배화1.03～1.09배．종합분석표명，소호저니가유효개량동미광기질영양조건，촉진식물생장；재개량조건하3충식물균가작위동미광인공식물수복물충，기중숙마최우．
To study the effect of Chaohu Lake sediment on inorganic nitrogen components of copper tailings and the growing development of leguminous plants ,three leguminous plants Crotalaria juncea ,Amorpha f ruticosa ,and Robinia pseudoacacia were potted in copper mine tailings sand as matrix with rotten airing Chaohu Lake sediment according to different mixing proportions .The results showed that the values of chlorophyll a ,chlorophyll b and chlorophyll a+b of the leaves in C .juncea and R .pseudoacacia were the biggest .The ratios of chlorophyll a/b of the three leguminous plants were between 0.89 and 1.18 .With the raising of Chaohu Lake sediment contents in the matrix , the ratios of chlorophyll a/b of plants increased .In the same treatment , the values of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b , chlorophyll a + b in C .juncea were significantly higher than those of A . f ruticosa and R . pseudoacacia (P< 0.05) .The activities of SOD and POD in the three kinds of plant leaves increased with the increase in the proportion of Chaohu Lake sediment .Nitrate nitrogen was the main form of availability nitrogen in the treatment matrix with the 3 kinds of leguminous plants growing ,whose content reached 85.5% ~ 93.84% of the total inorganic nitrogen content . After adding the Chaohu Lake sediment , ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen contents in the matrix were both raised :1.00~1.34 times and 1.34~1.57 times the value of the control in A . f ruticosa matrix ,1.33~3.24 times and 0.74 ~ 1.10 times the value of the control in C . j uncea matrix ,and 0.85~1.16 times and 0.85~1.09 times of the control in R . pseudoacacia matrix . Comprehensive analysis show s that Chaohu Lake sediment can effectively improve the nutrition conditions of copper tailings matrix and promote plant growth .Under the improved nutrition condition , all three plants can be used as ecological restoration plants in tailings , among w hich C . j uncea is the best .
