CAJ | 학술논문

目的：总结泉州地区2007年1月-2012年12月住院儿童肺炎支原体肺炎流行病学特征变化趋势。方法：2007年1月-2012年12月收治儿童肺炎支原体肺炎患儿325例，回顾性分析其临床症状及体征、肺外损害、胸片或肺部CT特点及住院时间(2007-2008年，2009-2010年，2011-2012年)，分析变化趋势。结果：临床表现：所有患儿均有不同程度发热、咳嗽、喘息、呼吸困难、胸痛、肺外损害；3个阶段的发热病程中位数分别为4.6 d、8.4 d 和11.7 d(u=3.22，P＜0.01)；呼吸困难或喘息分别为5.1%、9.8%、16.8%；胸痛分别为8.2%、14.7%、28.8%(χ2=7.24、16.93，P＜0.01)；肺外损害发生率分别为15.3%、27.5%、37.6%(χ2=13.35，P＜0.01)；差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。肺部合并肺不张和(或)胸腔积液发生率分别为9.2%、25.5%、36%，差异有统计学意义(χ2=21.4，P＜0.01)；合并闭塞性细支气管炎发生率分别为1.02%、2.94%、7.2%，差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)；3个阶段住院时间中位数分别为7.5 d、9.2 d、13.8 d，差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论：泉州地区近年的儿童肺炎支原体肺炎的病情、病程有逐年加重及延长趋势，肺内并发症及肺外损害发生率呈增加趋势，提示儿童肺炎支原体肺炎治疗难度提高。
목적：총결천주지구2007년1월-2012년12월주원인동폐염지원체폐염류행병학특정변화추세。방법：2007년1월-2012년12월수치인동폐염지원체폐염환인325례，회고성분석기림상증상급체정、폐외손해、흉편혹폐부CT특점급주원시간(2007-2008년，2009-2010년，2011-2012년)，분석변화추세。결과：림상표현：소유환인균유불동정도발열、해수、천식、호흡곤난、흉통、폐외손해；3개계단적발열병정중위수분별위4.6 d、8.4 d 화11.7 d(u=3.22，P＜0.01)；호흡곤난혹천식분별위5.1%、9.8%、16.8%；흉통분별위8.2%、14.7%、28.8%(χ2=7.24、16.93，P＜0.01)；폐외손해발생솔분별위15.3%、27.5%、37.6%(χ2=13.35，P＜0.01)；차이균유통계학의의(P＜0.05)。폐부합병폐불장화(혹)흉강적액발생솔분별위9.2%、25.5%、36%，차이유통계학의의(χ2=21.4，P＜0.01)；합병폐새성세지기관염발생솔분별위1.02%、2.94%、7.2%，차이유통계학의의(P＜0.05)；3개계단주원시간중위수분별위7.5 d、9.2 d、13.8 d，차이유통계학의의(P＜0.05)。결론：천주지구근년적인동폐염지원체폐염적병정、병정유축년가중급연장추세，폐내병발증급폐외손해발생솔정증가추세，제시인동폐염지원체폐염치료난도제고。
Objective:To explore the epidemiological characteristics of mycoplasma pneumonia pneumonia in children of Quanzhou area from January 2007 to December 2012.Methods:325 children with mycoplasma pneumonia were selected from January 2007 to December 2012.We retrospectively analyzed the clinical symptoms and signs,lung damage,chest or lung CT features and hospitalization time(2007-2008 years,2009-2010 years,2011-2012 years) to analyze the change trend.Results:Clinical manifestation:all of the cases had different degrees of fever,cough,wheezing,difficulty in breathing,chest pain,lung damage. The median duration of fever in 3 stages respectively was 4.6 days,8.4 days and 11.7 days(μ=3.22,P<0.01);difficulty breathing or breathing respectively was 5.1% ,9.8% ,16.8% ;chest pain respectively was 8.2% ,14.7% ,28.8% ( χ 2=7.24,16.93,P<0.01);incidence of pulmonary damage respectively was 15.3% ,27.5% ,37.6% ( χ 2=13.35,P<0.01);the differences were statistically significant.The lungs with pulmonary atelectasis and(or) pleural effusion rate respectively was 9.2% ,25.5% ,36% ,and the difference was statistically significant(χ 2=21.4,P<0.01);bronchiolitis obliterans rate respectively was 1.02%,2.94%,7.2%,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);the median hospital time of the 3 stage respectively was 7.5 days,9.2 days,13.8 days,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:In the Quanzhou area,the condition and the course of mycoplasmal pneumonia in children in recent years are increasing year by year with extended trend.Pulmonary complications and the incidence of pulmonary damage are gradually increasing.It suggests that the treatment difficulty of children with mycoplasma pneumonia is increased.