CAJ | 학술논문

提高抗裂角性是培育适合机械化收获油菜品种的基本要求。为了明确油菜抗裂角性的遗传规律，本研究利用抗裂角性差异显著的两个甘蓝型油菜品系配制杂交组合，通过小孢子培养构建了一个双单倍体（doubled haploid，DH）群体。采用随机碰撞法对该群体进行连续两年的抗裂角性鉴定，并利用植物数量性状的主基因＋多基因混合遗传模型及偏度和峰度分析对抗裂角性进行遗传分析。结果表明，甘蓝型油菜的抗裂角性受3对主基因＋多基因控制，涉及的基因数目为8～10对，存在基因的加性效应及基因间的互补作用；两年试验中抗裂角性的主基因遗传率均大于85．00％，主基因遗传率较高，表明该性状主要受主基因控制，受其它微效多基因及环境的影响有限。因此，在油菜抗裂角性遗传改良中，应通过杂交聚合不同抗性等级材料中的主效抗裂角基因，在早期世代加强对抗性的选择，并可以忽略环境因素的影响。
제고항렬각성시배육괄합궤계화수획유채품충적기본요구。위료명학유채항렬각성적유전규률，본연구이용항렬각성차이현저적량개감람형유채품계배제잡교조합，통과소포자배양구건료일개쌍단배체（doubled haploid，DH）군체。채용수궤팽당법대해군체진행련속량년적항렬각성감정，병이용식물수량성상적주기인＋다기인혼합유전모형급편도화봉도분석대항렬각성진행유전분석。결과표명，감람형유채적항렬각성수3대주기인＋다기인공제，섭급적기인수목위8～10대，존재기인적가성효응급기인간적호보작용；량년시험중항렬각성적주기인유전솔균대우85．00％，주기인유전솔교고，표명해성상주요수주기인공제，수기타미효다기인급배경적영향유한。인차，재유채항렬각성유전개량중，응통과잡교취합불동항성등급재료중적주효항렬각기인，재조기세대가강대항성적선택，병가이홀략배경인소적영향。
Improvement of pod shatter resistance is the basic target for rapeseed breeding suitable for mecha-nized harvesting.To better understand the inheritance of pod shatter resistance in Brassica napus,a doubled hap-loid (DH)population was used in the study.Two parents of the population had contrasting pod shatter resistance levels.Pod shatter resistance index was determined using random impact test method in two years,and the inherit-ance was analyzed by major gene plus polygene genetic model for plant quantitative traits as well as the analysis of skewness and kurtosis.Results showed that the pod shatter resistance was controlled by 3 genes with major effects and 5 -7 polygenes with minor effects.There were major genes additive effects and complementary gene interac-tions.The heritability of major genes was greater than 85 .00%in both years,indicating pod shatter resistance was mainly controlled by major genes and less influenced by environments.Therefore,in breeding process for pod shat-ter resistance of rapeseed,pyramiding major genes from lines containing different major genes by hybridization and selection in early generation should be considered,and the influence of environmental factors can be ignored.