中国环境监测
中國環境鑑測
중국배경감측
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING IN CHINA
2014年
4期
100-106
,共7页
春节%烟花爆竹%PM2?5%组分%苏州
春節%煙花爆竹%PM2?5%組分%囌州
춘절%연화폭죽%PM2?5%조분%소주
the Lunar New Year’s Day%Fireworks%PM2.5%components%Suzhou
为了解春节期间烟花爆竹燃放对苏州市空气质量的影响，在苏州市南门监测点利用在线监测仪器（包括颗粒物分析仪、在线离子色谱、OC/EC分析仪和重金属分析仪）对环境空气中的PM2?5浓度水平、颗粒物水溶性离子、有机碳（ OC）、元素碳（ EC）和重金属浓度进行连续观测。通过比较烟花爆竹燃放时段和正常时段的PM2?5浓度水平和化学组成，分析并探讨烟花爆竹燃放对PM2?5浓度水平及其组分特征的影响。研究结果表明，大量烟花爆竹的集中燃放造成了PM2?5短时严重污染，最高质量浓度达到了571μg/m3，但随烟花爆竹燃放的减少，PM2?5浓度迅速降低。在烟花爆竹燃放高峰时段，SO42-、Cl-、K＋、Mg2＋和OC出现了明显的浓度峰值，SO42-质量浓度达到了93?2μg/m3，Cl-质量浓度达到了42?3μg/m3，K＋质量浓度达到了115?6μg/m3，OC质量浓度达到了53?8μg/m3。另外，重金属浓度也出现了明显的峰值，Fe质量浓度达到了2?426μg/m3，Cu质量浓度达到了0?727μg/m3，Zn质量浓度达到了1?159μg/m3，Ba质量浓度达到了5?168μg/m3，Pb质量浓度达到了1?245μg/m3。烟花爆竹的燃放造成苏州市区环境空气中有毒有害物质的短期急剧上升，有必要限制烟花爆竹的燃放。
為瞭解春節期間煙花爆竹燃放對囌州市空氣質量的影響，在囌州市南門鑑測點利用在線鑑測儀器（包括顆粒物分析儀、在線離子色譜、OC/EC分析儀和重金屬分析儀）對環境空氣中的PM2?5濃度水平、顆粒物水溶性離子、有機碳（ OC）、元素碳（ EC）和重金屬濃度進行連續觀測。通過比較煙花爆竹燃放時段和正常時段的PM2?5濃度水平和化學組成，分析併探討煙花爆竹燃放對PM2?5濃度水平及其組分特徵的影響。研究結果錶明，大量煙花爆竹的集中燃放造成瞭PM2?5短時嚴重汙染，最高質量濃度達到瞭571μg/m3，但隨煙花爆竹燃放的減少，PM2?5濃度迅速降低。在煙花爆竹燃放高峰時段，SO42-、Cl-、K＋、Mg2＋和OC齣現瞭明顯的濃度峰值，SO42-質量濃度達到瞭93?2μg/m3，Cl-質量濃度達到瞭42?3μg/m3，K＋質量濃度達到瞭115?6μg/m3，OC質量濃度達到瞭53?8μg/m3。另外，重金屬濃度也齣現瞭明顯的峰值，Fe質量濃度達到瞭2?426μg/m3，Cu質量濃度達到瞭0?727μg/m3，Zn質量濃度達到瞭1?159μg/m3，Ba質量濃度達到瞭5?168μg/m3，Pb質量濃度達到瞭1?245μg/m3。煙花爆竹的燃放造成囌州市區環境空氣中有毒有害物質的短期急劇上升，有必要限製煙花爆竹的燃放。
위료해춘절기간연화폭죽연방대소주시공기질량적영향，재소주시남문감측점이용재선감측의기（포괄과립물분석의、재선리자색보、OC/EC분석의화중금속분석의）대배경공기중적PM2?5농도수평、과립물수용성리자、유궤탄（ OC）、원소탄（ EC）화중금속농도진행련속관측。통과비교연화폭죽연방시단화정상시단적PM2?5농도수평화화학조성，분석병탐토연화폭죽연방대PM2?5농도수평급기조분특정적영향。연구결과표명，대량연화폭죽적집중연방조성료PM2?5단시엄중오염，최고질량농도체도료571μg/m3，단수연화폭죽연방적감소，PM2?5농도신속강저。재연화폭죽연방고봉시단，SO42-、Cl-、K＋、Mg2＋화OC출현료명현적농도봉치，SO42-질량농도체도료93?2μg/m3，Cl-질량농도체도료42?3μg/m3，K＋질량농도체도료115?6μg/m3，OC질량농도체도료53?8μg/m3。령외，중금속농도야출현료명현적봉치，Fe질량농도체도료2?426μg/m3，Cu질량농도체도료0?727μg/m3，Zn질량농도체도료1?159μg/m3，Ba질량농도체도료5?168μg/m3，Pb질량농도체도료1?245μg/m3。연화폭죽적연방조성소주시구배경공기중유독유해물질적단기급극상승，유필요한제연화폭죽적연방。
To understand the influence of setting off firework on air quality in Suzhou city during the periods of Spring Festival, ambient concentrations of PM2?5 , water-soluble ions, EC/OC, and heavy metals were online measured at Nanmen site. By comparing the ambient levels and chemical compositions of PM2?5 during the periods with setting off fireworks and normal periods, the impact of setting off fireworks on air quality were investigated. Results showed that setting off fireworks resulted in the increase of PM2?5 concentrations, with the maximum value of 571 μg/m3 . However, as the reduction of fireworks set off, PM2?5 concentration decreased significantly. During the periods with high density of fireworks set off, the peak values of SO4 2-, Cl-, K+, Mg2+ and OC were appeared. SO4 2- concentration reached 93?2 μg/m3 , Cl- reached 42?3 μg/m3 , K+ reached 115?6μg/m3 , and OC reached 53?8 μg/m3 , respectively. In addition, peak values of heavy metals also appeared during this period. Fe concentration reached 2?426 μg/m3 , Cu reached 0?727 μg/m3 , Zn reached 1?159 μg/m3 , Ba reached 5?168 μg/m3 , and Pb reached 1?245 μg/m3 . The density set off fireworks caused the dramatically increase of toxic and harmful material levels. Therefore, it is necessary to restrict fireworks set off during Spring Festival periods.
