CAJ | 학술논문

利用常规气象资料和CINRAD/CC雷达资料对2009～2012年34个冰雹天气个例进行了分析，统计归纳出南疆阿克苏冰雹天气发生前的环境条件和雹云雷达回波判识指标。结果表明：冰雹发生前期，当850 hPa与500 hPa温差≥30℃，地面露点温度≥10．2℃时，预示冰雹天气发生的可能性较大；对流有效位能在冰雹尺寸相对较大（≥10 mm）时指示效果较好，但对小范围局地冰雹的预报具有一定局限性；0～6 km较弱的垂直风切变也能形成冰雹天气；适宜的0℃层和-20℃层高度有利于冰雹的产生。雹云雷达回波具有的特征：组合反射率因子达到50 dBZ以上；径向速度场往往伴有逆风区出现，部分还出现风暴顶辐散特征；45 dBZ强回波核高度≥9 km，垂直剖面出现前悬回波、穹窿等冰雹特征回波；回波顶高6～8月超过12 km，5月和9月超过11 km；垂直积分液态水含量阈值5月为18 kg·m-2，其它月份为30 kg·m-2；冰雹指数产品至少持续5个体扫出现实心大三角标识。
이용상규기상자료화CINRAD/CC뢰체자료대2009～2012년34개빙박천기개례진행료분석，통계귀납출남강아극소빙박천기발생전적배경조건화박운뢰체회파판식지표。결과표명：빙박발생전기，당850 hPa여500 hPa온차≥30℃，지면로점온도≥10．2℃시，예시빙박천기발생적가능성교대；대류유효위능재빙박척촌상대교대（≥10 mm）시지시효과교호，단대소범위국지빙박적예보구유일정국한성；0～6 km교약적수직풍절변야능형성빙박천기；괄의적0℃층화-20℃층고도유리우빙박적산생。박운뢰체회파구유적특정：조합반사솔인자체도50 dBZ이상；경향속도장왕왕반유역풍구출현，부분환출현풍폭정복산특정；45 dBZ강회파핵고도≥9 km，수직부면출현전현회파、궁륭등빙박특정회파；회파정고6～8월초과12 km，5월화9월초과11 km；수직적분액태수함량역치5월위18 kg·m-2，기타월빈위30 kg·m-2；빙박지수산품지소지속5개체소출현실심대삼각표식。
Based on the routine meteorological data and CINRAD/CC Doppler radar products,the characteristics of environment condi-tions and radar echoes for 34 hail weather processes from 2009 to 2012 were analyzed and summarized in Akesu of the southern Xin-jiang.The results showed that the hail weather would be much more likely to occur when the temperature difference between 850 hPa and 500 hPa was more than 30℃and the dew point temperature was more than 10.2 ℃before the hail happened.CAPE index was ef-fective on forecasting the hail when the diameter of hail was more than 10 mm,but it was limited to small-scale local hail weather.The weaker vertical wind shear from ground to 6 km height should also form hail.In additional,the suitable height of 0 ℃layer and -20℃ layer were propitious to formation of hail weather.The radar echo characteristics of hail cloud were as follows:The composite reflec-tivity factor was more than 50 dBZ,the radial velocity field was often accompanied with the adverse wind area,and the portion of hail weather processes appeared storm top divergence feature.The 45 dBZ strong echo height was more than 9 km,and the vertical section had echo characteristics of hail weather such as overhang echo,vault echo etc.The top height of hail cloud exceeded 12 km from June to August,and that exceeded 11 km in May and September.The threshold of vertical integrated liquid content was 18 kg·m-2 in May and 30 kg·m-2 in other months.The solid big triangle label appeared continually at least 5 volume scans in hail index products.