干旱气象
榦旱氣象
간한기상
GANSU METEOROLOGY
2014年
4期
588-592
,共5页
雷暴大风%气候特征%变化趋势
雷暴大風%氣候特徵%變化趨勢
뇌폭대풍%기후특정%변화추세
thunderstorm gale%climatic characteristics%change trend
利用1970～2012年廊坊地区9个气象站地面雷暴大风观测资料，采用趋势分析、滑动t检验、小波分析和最大熵谱分析等统计方法，系统分析了该地区雷暴大风天气的时空特征及变化趋势和变化周期。结果表明：廊坊地区的雷暴大风局地性强，43 a间只出现了一次全区性的雷暴大风天气过程，雷暴大风多以单站出现为主。雷暴大风的地域性特征明显，中部的廊坊市及南部的文安、大城站较易出现，而北部发生概率较低。雷暴大风的日、月及年变化特征明显。雷暴与大风主要发生在午后至前半夜，大风发生时间一般落后于雷暴，1 h内的雷暴与10 min以内的大风发生概率最高；雷暴大风3～10月都可出现，主要集中在夏季，发生概率为73．3％；近43 a来，年均雷暴大风日数整体呈现减少趋势，且中部的站点减少趋势最显著，1994年为雷暴大风的显著突变年，其显著变化周期为3．23 a。雷暴大风多为“湿”型。
利用1970～2012年廊坊地區9箇氣象站地麵雷暴大風觀測資料，採用趨勢分析、滑動t檢驗、小波分析和最大熵譜分析等統計方法，繫統分析瞭該地區雷暴大風天氣的時空特徵及變化趨勢和變化週期。結果錶明：廊坊地區的雷暴大風跼地性彊，43 a間隻齣現瞭一次全區性的雷暴大風天氣過程，雷暴大風多以單站齣現為主。雷暴大風的地域性特徵明顯，中部的廊坊市及南部的文安、大城站較易齣現，而北部髮生概率較低。雷暴大風的日、月及年變化特徵明顯。雷暴與大風主要髮生在午後至前半夜，大風髮生時間一般落後于雷暴，1 h內的雷暴與10 min以內的大風髮生概率最高；雷暴大風3～10月都可齣現，主要集中在夏季，髮生概率為73．3％；近43 a來，年均雷暴大風日數整體呈現減少趨勢，且中部的站點減少趨勢最顯著，1994年為雷暴大風的顯著突變年，其顯著變化週期為3．23 a。雷暴大風多為“濕”型。
이용1970～2012년랑방지구9개기상참지면뇌폭대풍관측자료，채용추세분석、활동t검험、소파분석화최대적보분석등통계방법，계통분석료해지구뇌폭대풍천기적시공특정급변화추세화변화주기。결과표명：랑방지구적뇌폭대풍국지성강，43 a간지출현료일차전구성적뇌폭대풍천기과정，뇌폭대풍다이단참출현위주。뇌폭대풍적지역성특정명현，중부적랑방시급남부적문안、대성참교역출현，이북부발생개솔교저。뇌폭대풍적일、월급년변화특정명현。뇌폭여대풍주요발생재오후지전반야，대풍발생시간일반락후우뇌폭，1 h내적뇌폭여10 min이내적대풍발생개솔최고；뇌폭대풍3～10월도가출현，주요집중재하계，발생개솔위73．3％；근43 a래，년균뇌폭대풍일수정체정현감소추세，차중부적참점감소추세최현저，1994년위뇌폭대풍적현저돌변년，기현저변화주기위3．23 a。뇌폭대풍다위“습”형。
Based on the observational data of 9 meteorological stations in Langfang of Heibei Province during 1970-2012,the temporal and spatial characteristics,change trends and cycle of thunderstorm gale were analyzed by using trend analysis,moving t test,wavelet analysis and maximum entropy spectrum.Results showed that thunderstorm gale in Langfang mostly occurred at one station,while the whole regional thunderstorm gale appeared only once.Thus,the thunderstorm gales had strong local feature.The regional characteristic of thunderstorm gale was obvious,and thunderstorm gale days in We’nan and Dacheng as well as Langfang city were more,while they were least in the north of Langfang.The daily,monthly and annual variation of thunderstorm gale days were significant.The thunder-storm and gale mostly happened from afternoon to midnight,and the occurring time of gale was later than that of thunderstorm general-ly.The frequencies of thunderstorms lasting about 1 hour and gales lasting 10 minutes were the most.The thunderstorm gale weathers occur from March to October,especially in summer,and the occurring frequency is 73.3%.In the past 43 years,the days of thunder-storm gale decreased significantly,and the decreasing trends at stations in the middle of Langfang were the most significant.The muta-tion of thunderstorm gale days occurred in 1994,and the significant period was 3.23 years.
