CAJ | 학술논문

针对风云二号气象卫星区域扫描模式下姿态求解问题，提出了分别基于区域观测图像、姿态预报和粗-精姿态关系模型3种不同的卫星姿态求解方法，并分析了它们的适用条件。利用 FY-2E 卫星获取的2013年7月8-14日的图像进行模拟分析，姿态计算结果表明：利用基于区域观测图像方法求解的姿态对区域观测云图进行定位，误差保持在2．5个红外像元以内，该方法适用于连续区域观测情况；利用基于预报的姿态求解方法对未来24 h 内区域观测云图进行定位，平均误差达到1个红外像元，该方法适用于临时启动区域观测时前24 h 的区域云图定位。利用粗-精姿态关系模型方法求解的姿态对区域观测云图进行定位，最大误差为4．9个红外像元，前24 h 平均误差为3．6个红外像元，该方法可以在无精姿态数据时对区域观测图像进行应急定位。
침대풍운이호기상위성구역소묘모식하자태구해문제，제출료분별기우구역관측도상、자태예보화조-정자태관계모형3충불동적위성자태구해방법，병분석료타문적괄용조건。이용 FY-2E 위성획취적2013년7월8-14일적도상진행모의분석，자태계산결과표명：이용기우구역관측도상방법구해적자태대구역관측운도진행정위，오차보지재2．5개홍외상원이내，해방법괄용우련속구역관측정황；이용기우예보적자태구해방법대미래24 h 내구역관측운도진행정위，평균오차체도1개홍외상원，해방법괄용우림시계동구역관측시전24 h 적구역운도정위。이용조-정자태관계모형방법구해적자태대구역관측운도진행정위，최대오차위4．9개홍외상원，전24 h 평균오차위3．6개홍외상원，해방법가이재무정자태수거시대구역관측도상진행응급정위。
Area observation is realized by the geostationary meteorological satellites of the United States and Eu-rope.The timeliness of satellite observation is greatly improved,and an instance can be accomplished within several minutes.Geostationary meteorological satellites of FY-2 series have the capability of specific area observation,but due to the strip image navigation problem,the area observation of FY-2 satellites is not put into operational use.Therefore,the attitude determination technology of FY-2 satellites’area ob-servation is studied and 3 solving methods are proposed,which are based on area images,attitude predic-tion,and the relation model between crude and precise attitude. <br> The attitude determination method based on area images uses area images to calculate satellite attitude directly.This method is applicable to the condition that area images can be obtained continuously.When area images are accumulated for twenty-four hours,the method navigates the area image with the attitude gained by the method based on area images.The navigation deviation is in 2.5 infrared pixels.FY-2 satel-lite receives full disk images under normal observation mode,and receives high-frequency area images un-der emergency observation mode when special weather occurs.When using the attitude to navigate satellite image at the beginning of area observation,the image navigation accuracy maybe not ideal because the area images quantity is not enough.On this occasion,the attitude solving method based on attitude prediction can be used.With this method,the average deviation of image navigation can be reduced to 1 pixel.Based on the precise attitude which is gained through full disk images,this method predicts the future satellite attitude according to the variety rules of attitude.It is applicable to predict navigation parameter in future 24 hours with mathematics model while precise orbit attitude parameter is obtained.The attitude solving method based on relation model of crude-precise attitude uses the crude attitude which is calculated from telemetry data and the relation between the latest crude-precise attitude,and estimates precise attitude from the crude attitude which is calculated in real time.Using the attitude gained by this method to navi-gate the image,the max navigation deviation of area image is 4.9 infrared pixels,and the average deviation of former 24 hours is 3.6 infrared pixels.When precise attitude is not available,the attitude obtained by the method based on relation model of crude-precise attitude can be used to navigate area image during e-mergency situations.