中国安全生产科学技术
中國安全生產科學技術
중국안전생산과학기술
JOURNAL OF SAFETY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
2014年
8期
52-57
,共6页
石材加工%风险评估%尘肺病%矽尘
石材加工%風險評估%塵肺病%矽塵
석재가공%풍험평고%진폐병%석진
stone machining%risk assessment%pneumoconiosis%silica
应用国际采矿与金属委员会风险评估模型（ ICMM）评估石材加工行业尘肺病风险。以20家石材加工企业为研究对象，运用ICMM模型的定量法和矩阵法分别评估4个重点岗位的尘肺病风险，并与粉尘作业分级和文献报道进行结果验证。结果显示打磨、雕刻、切割和破碎4个重点岗位的总粉尘和呼吸性粉尘浓度均超过职业接触限值，超限倍数范围分别为4.3～85倍和3.1～63.3倍。 ICMM定量法判定该4个重点岗位的Ⅲ期矽肺风险均为最高级风险水平（不可容忍），矩阵法判定该4个重点岗位Ⅲ期矽肺风险也均为最高级水平（高风险）。这些风险评估结果得到生产性粉尘作业分级和文献报道的支持。结论为石材加工行业尘肺病发病风险非常高，ICMM风险评估模型可应用于石材加工行业职业健康风险评估。
應用國際採礦與金屬委員會風險評估模型（ ICMM）評估石材加工行業塵肺病風險。以20傢石材加工企業為研究對象，運用ICMM模型的定量法和矩陣法分彆評估4箇重點崗位的塵肺病風險，併與粉塵作業分級和文獻報道進行結果驗證。結果顯示打磨、彫刻、切割和破碎4箇重點崗位的總粉塵和呼吸性粉塵濃度均超過職業接觸限值，超限倍數範圍分彆為4.3～85倍和3.1～63.3倍。 ICMM定量法判定該4箇重點崗位的Ⅲ期矽肺風險均為最高級風險水平（不可容忍），矩陣法判定該4箇重點崗位Ⅲ期矽肺風險也均為最高級水平（高風險）。這些風險評估結果得到生產性粉塵作業分級和文獻報道的支持。結論為石材加工行業塵肺病髮病風險非常高，ICMM風險評估模型可應用于石材加工行業職業健康風險評估。
응용국제채광여금속위원회풍험평고모형（ ICMM）평고석재가공행업진폐병풍험。이20가석재가공기업위연구대상，운용ICMM모형적정량법화구진법분별평고4개중점강위적진폐병풍험，병여분진작업분급화문헌보도진행결과험증。결과현시타마、조각、절할화파쇄4개중점강위적총분진화호흡성분진농도균초과직업접촉한치，초한배수범위분별위4.3～85배화3.1～63.3배。 ICMM정량법판정해4개중점강위적Ⅲ기석폐풍험균위최고급풍험수평（불가용인），구진법판정해4개중점강위Ⅲ기석폐풍험야균위최고급수평（고풍험）。저사풍험평고결과득도생산성분진작업분급화문헌보도적지지。결론위석재가공행업진폐병발병풍험비상고，ICMM풍험평고모형가응용우석재가공행업직업건강풍험평고。
This study aimed to evaluate the risk of pneumoconiosis hazard in the industry of stone machining using an occupational health risk assessment model provided by the International Council on Mining and Metals ( ICMM) . Twenty stone machining factories served as the subjects .The quantitative and matrix methods in the ICMM risk as-sessment model were used to assess the risk levels of pneumoconiosis at four key work sites , which were compared with the results of the classification of occupational exposure to dust in workplaces and related documents regarding the occupational health examination .The results showed that both the total dust concentrations and respirable dust concentrations at the four key work sites ( namely , polishing , carving , cutting and crushing ) surpassed the corre-sponding occupational exposure limits .The excursion limits ranged from 4.3 to 85 and from 3.1 to 63.3, respec-tively.All the risks of Ⅲ-phase silicosis at the four key work sites were the highest levels (unacceptable) using the quantitative method of ICMM .The highest levels of Ⅲ-phase silicosis risk were also found using the matrix method of ICMM.These results of risk assessment were supported by the classification of occupational exposure to dust and the related references regarding occupational health examination .These findings suggest that the risk levels of pneu-moconiosis in the industry of stone machining are very high .ICCM model may be used to the health risk assessment in the industry of stone machining .
