CAJ | 학술논문

为研究马立克病毒强毒感染与疫苗免疫鸡组织病理学变化的差异，试验采用108只1日龄海兰褐公雏鸡，随机分为对照组（C组）、马立克病毒CVI988疫苗株腹腔注射免疫组（IA组）和京-1株攻毒组（V组）。在接种后3、6、10、15、20、26、35、45、60 d ，对3组各取4只鸡进行剖检，分别取肺脏、胸腺、骨骼肌、肾脏、睾丸、肝脏、心肌、腺胃、脾脏、法氏囊、坐骨神经等组织于100 m L/L中性福尔马林中固定，石蜡包埋，制备切片，HE染色，光镜下进行组织病理学观察。结果与对照组相比，V组在接种6 d时，无明显病理变化， IA组淋巴器官内出现淋巴细胞增多；接种10 d后，V组脾脏动脉周围淋巴鞘、淋巴小结内淋巴细胞数量减少；15 d时胸腺小体消失，出现肿瘤细胞，其他组织均出现增生性团块，有大小不等的肿瘤细胞；IA组可见脾脏中淋巴细胞增多，动脉周围淋巴鞘脾小结增多，胸腺小体中淋巴细胞增多，其他组织有明显的淋巴细胞浸润。由此可见，鸡感染马立克病毒后免疫器官损伤，各组织器官都出现明显病理学变化；鸡接种疫苗后免疫器官淋巴细胞逐渐增多，但以后也出现免疫器官损伤与其他组织器官淋巴细胞增多，由此表明了C V I988疫苗的免疫毒性，为研究无免疫毒性且有较好免疫力的马立克病疫苗提供理论依据。
위연구마립극병독강독감염여역묘면역계조직병이학변화적차이，시험채용108지1일령해란갈공추계，수궤분위대조조（C조）、마립극병독CVI988역묘주복강주사면역조（IA조）화경-1주공독조（V조）。재접충후3、6、10、15、20、26、35、45、60 d ，대3조각취4지계진행부검，분별취폐장、흉선、골격기、신장、고환、간장、심기、선위、비장、법씨낭、좌골신경등조직우100 m L/L중성복이마림중고정，석사포매，제비절편，HE염색，광경하진행조직병이학관찰。결과여대조조상비，V조재접충6 d시，무명현병리변화， IA조림파기관내출현림파세포증다；접충10 d후，V조비장동맥주위림파초、림파소결내림파세포수량감소；15 d시흉선소체소실，출현종류세포，기타조직균출현증생성단괴，유대소불등적종류세포；IA조가견비장중림파세포증다，동맥주위림파초비소결증다，흉선소체중림파세포증다，기타조직유명현적림파세포침윤。유차가견，계감염마립극병독후면역기관손상，각조직기관도출현명현병이학변화；계접충역묘후면역기관림파세포축점증다，단이후야출현면역기관손상여기타조직기관림파세포증다，유차표명료C V I988역묘적면역독성，위연구무면역독성차유교호면역력적마립극병역묘제공이론의거。
This study was designed to investigate the influence of Gallid herpesvirus 2 Marek's Disease chal-lenge virus and atteunated vaccine virus CVI 988/Rispens on changes of histopathology in chickens .108 one day old chicks were randomly divided into a control group (C) ,an experimental group challenged with Jing-1 challenge strain (V) ,and a third experimental group injected intra-abdominally (IA) with vaccine strain ,CVI988/Rispens .Different organs of lung ,thymus ,skeletal muscle ,kidney ,testis ,liver ,cardiac muscle ,stomachus glandularis ,spleen ,bursa of Fabricius ,sciatic nerve were removed immediately from 4 chicks of every group sacrificed by cervical dislocation on days 3 ,6 ,10 ,15 ,20 ,26 ,35 ,45 and 60 ,and were fixed overnight in 100 mL/L neutral formalin ,and embedded in paraffin wax for routine histological procedures .Paraffin sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin . The histopathological changes were evaluated with light microscope .It was found that group V has no pathological changes in six days , group IA showed lymphocytosis .On day 10 ,the number of lymphocytes was declined in periarterial lym-phatic sheath and lymph nodule in group V .Thymus corpuscles disappeared ,other organs were hyperpla-sia and tumour cells in various size appeared in 15 days .Group IA showed lymphocytosis ,splenic corpus-cles increased in periarterial lymphoid sheath ,lymphocytosis in thymus corpuscles and increased lympho-cytes soaked in other tissues .The results suggest that pathological changes appeared in immune organs in chickens challenged with Marek's disease virus ,obvious pathological changes also appeared in other tis-sues .While increased lymphocytes concentrated in immune organs of vaccinated chickens ,but subsequent-ly immune organs were damaged and obvious increased lymphocytes appeared in other organs .In conclu-sion ,atteunated vaccine virus CVI988 Rispens had its immunotoxicity .So it is necessary for preparing nontoxicity vaccine in the future .