CAJ | 학술논문

利用中国沿海台站潮位和中国近海及赤道太平洋的卫星测高、海表温度、风及气压资料，分析了中国近海海平面变化与 ENSO 的关系。分析结果表明：中国沿海海平面季节变化受 ENSO 影响明显，在厄尔尼诺事件期间，中国沿海海平面 Sa 分潮的振幅明显减小，其中年振幅的历史极小值均出现厄尔尼诺年，不同区域历史极小值出现的年份不同；另外，中国沿海 Sa 分潮的振幅对厄尔尼诺事件的响应与其强弱有关，在强事件中，响应区域和幅度较大，弱事件中，响应区域和幅度偏小。在厄尔尼诺年，中国沿海海平面多低于相邻年份，并且其年际变化存在明显的2～3 a、4～7 a、准9 a、11 a 和准19 a 的周期，其中4～7 a 的周期在冬春季节震荡最显著，其震荡幅度接近2 cm。中国近海海平面与赤道东太平洋区域的海表温度年际变化之间存在反相关关系，其相关系数为-0．42；同时与 Nio4和Nio3．4指数序列也呈现反相关关系。针对典型的1997/1998年尼诺事件发生前后的风场和气压场分析发现，尼诺发生前的冬半年，冬季风偏强，气压梯度加强，中国沿海海平面偏低；到了厄尔尼诺的盛期，出现较强的南风异常，气压梯度反向，季风转向，过渡到了厄尔尼诺事件的衰减期，为拉尼娜事件做准备，此时海平面偏高。
이용중국연해태참조위화중국근해급적도태평양적위성측고、해표온도、풍급기압자료，분석료중국근해해평면변화여 ENSO 적관계。분석결과표명：중국연해해평면계절변화수 ENSO 영향명현，재액이니낙사건기간，중국연해해평면 Sa 분조적진폭명현감소，기중년진폭적역사겁소치균출현액이니낙년，불동구역역사겁소치출현적년빈불동；령외，중국연해 Sa 분조적진폭대액이니낙사건적향응여기강약유관，재강사건중，향응구역화폭도교대，약사건중，향응구역화폭도편소。재액이니낙년，중국연해해평면다저우상린년빈，병차기년제변화존재명현적2～3 a、4～7 a、준9 a、11 a 화준19 a 적주기，기중4～7 a 적주기재동춘계절진탕최현저，기진탕폭도접근2 cm。중국근해해평면여적도동태평양구역적해표온도년제변화지간존재반상관관계，기상관계수위-0．42；동시여 Nio4화Nio3．4지수서렬야정현반상관관계。침대전형적1997/1998년니낙사건발생전후적풍장화기압장분석발현，니낙발생전적동반년，동계풍편강，기압제도가강，중국연해해평면편저；도료액이니낙적성기，출현교강적남풍이상，기압제도반향，계풍전향，과도도료액이니낙사건적쇠감기，위랍니나사건주준비，차시해평면편고。
Based on the tide level data of tide gauge stations and satellite altimeter,sea surface temperature,air pres-sure ,wind etc hydrological and meteorological data in the region of eastern equatorial Pacific,the relationship be-tween the sea level change of China coastal area and ENSO are investigated.The research results show that the sea level of China coastal area is affected by ENSO obviously.Annual and semiannual amplitude of tide level decreased significantly in El Nio events.The minimum value of annual amplitude all appeared in El Nio years,but different regions happened in different years.In addition,the Sa tidal amplitude of China coastal in response to El Nio e-vents related its strength.Response area and magnitude is bigger in strong events,response area and magnitude is smaller in weak events.In El Nio events,the sea level was lower than adjacent years,the MSL also shows promi-nent inter-annual and inter-decade variation besides the seasonal variation,the prominent terms are 2~3 a,4~7 a, 9 a,11 a and 19 a,the oscillation of 4~7 a is the most prominent.There is a significant negative correlation be-tween the MSL in China coastal area and SST in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific,it also shows negative correlation with Nio4 and Nio3.4 indices prominently.In typical El Nio event,the winter monsoon is strong in the winter half year before the occurrence of El Nio event,the pressure gradient is strengthened and the sea level is low in China coastal area.on the contrary,in the winter half year before the occurrence of La Nia event,the winter monsoon is weak,the pressure gradient is weaken and the sea level is high in the coast of China.