CAJ | 학술논문

重力恢复和气候试验 GRACE（gravity recovery and climate experiment）卫星极大地提高了地球重力场的精度和分辨率，特别是中长波分量，联合卫星测高数据可获得全球海洋表面大尺度洋流循环。另外，新一代地球重力和海洋环流探测卫星 GOCE（gravity field and steady-state ocean circulation explorer）于2009年3月成功发射，采用卫星重力梯度测量原理，对重力场的高频部分非常敏感，使其高分辨率监测全球海洋循环成为可能。本文利用1～7年 GRACE 观测数据确定的重力场模型和18个月 GOCE 观测数据确定的地球重力场模型 GO CONS GCF 2 TIM R3，联合卫星测高确定的平均海面高模型 MSS CNES CLS 11，分别估计全球海洋表面地转流，并且与实测浮标数据结果进行比较。分析表明 GOCE 重力卫星确定的重力场模型具有更高的空间分辨率，能够确定高精度和高空间分辨率的全球海洋地转流，如墨西哥湾暖流的细节和特征，并且与实测浮标结果基本一致。而基于1～4年 GRACE 观测资料的模型不能很好估计全球地转流特征，基于7年 GRACE 观测资料的重力场模型 ITG-Grace2010s 确定的全球地转流的精度仍低于18个月 GOCE 观测数据确定的地球重力场模型 GO CONS GCF 2 TIM R3的结果，估计的全球地转流仍含有较大的噪声，不能很好地反应中小尺度地转流细节特征。并计算 ITG Grace2010s 和 GOCE TIM3的稳态海面地形和全球平均地转流的内符合精度，结果显示，在全球范围内，GOCE TIM3的稳态海面地形和全球平均地转流的精度都比 ITG Grace2010s 结果的精度有着很大的改善，其中 ITG Grace2010s 的稳态海面地形的精度为21．6 cm，而 GOCE TIM3的结果则为7．45 cm，ITG Grace2010s 的全球平均地转流的精度为40．7 cm/s，而 GOCE TIM3的结果则为19．6 cm/s。
중력회복화기후시험 GRACE（gravity recovery and climate experiment）위성겁대지제고료지구중력장적정도화분변솔，특별시중장파분량，연합위성측고수거가획득전구해양표면대척도양류순배。령외，신일대지구중력화해양배류탐측위성 GOCE（gravity field and steady-state ocean circulation explorer）우2009년3월성공발사，채용위성중력제도측량원리，대중력장적고빈부분비상민감，사기고분변솔감측전구해양순배성위가능。본문이용1～7년 GRACE 관측수거학정적중력장모형화18개월 GOCE 관측수거학정적지구중력장모형 GO CONS GCF 2 TIM R3，연합위성측고학정적평균해면고모형 MSS CNES CLS 11，분별고계전구해양표면지전류，병차여실측부표수거결과진행비교。분석표명 GOCE 중력위성학정적중력장모형구유경고적공간분변솔，능구학정고정도화고공간분변솔적전구해양지전류，여묵서가만난류적세절화특정，병차여실측부표결과기본일치。이기우1～4년 GRACE 관측자료적모형불능흔호고계전구지전류특정，기우7년 GRACE 관측자료적중력장모형 ITG-Grace2010s 학정적전구지전류적정도잉저우18개월 GOCE 관측수거학정적지구중력장모형 GO CONS GCF 2 TIM R3적결과，고계적전구지전류잉함유교대적조성，불능흔호지반응중소척도지전류세절특정。병계산 ITG Grace2010s 화 GOCE TIM3적은태해면지형화전구평균지전류적내부합정도，결과현시，재전구범위내，GOCE TIM3적은태해면지형화전구평균지전류적정도도비 ITG Grace2010s 결과적정도유착흔대적개선，기중 ITG Grace2010s 적은태해면지형적정도위21．6 cm，이 GOCE TIM3적결과칙위7．45 cm，ITG Grace2010s 적전구평균지전류적정도위40．7 cm/s，이 GOCE TIM3적결과칙위19．6 cm/s。
The satellite gravity mission GRACE (gravity recovery and climate experiment)has greatly improved the accuracy and resolution of the gravity field model of the earth,particularly in long-wave components.It can deter-mine the characteristics of large scale global ocean surface currents combining satellite altimetry.In addition,the new generation GOCE (gravity field and steady-state ocean circulation explorer)mission was successfully launched in 2009 using gravity gradient measurements,which is very sensitive to the high-frequency part of the gravity field. Therefore,the GOCE is capable to determine the ocean surface currents with high spatial resolution.In this paper, the global surface geostrophic currents are determined from three models:(1)the gravity field model derived from 1 to 7 years of GRACE observations;(2)the gravity field model GO CONS GCF 2 TIM R3 derived from one and half years of GOCE observations;(3)the mean sea surface topography model MSS CNES CLS 11 derived from satellite altimetry.It has shown that the gravity field model based on GOCE satellite gravity observations has a higher spatial resolution and can reflect more details and characteristics of the surface geostrophic currents with high accuracy and spatial resolution,e.g.,the medium and small-scale Mexico Gulf currents.Furthermore,the pre-dictions are consistent with the in-situ drifters buoy data.However,the gravity model from 1 to 4 years of GRACE observations cannot predict global geostrophic currents accurately,and even the model from 7 years of GRACE ob-servations is still less accurate than that from the one and half years of GOCE observations;the former one cannot reveal the details of current at the medium and small scales and has larger noises.