CAJ | 학술논문

简述了废催化剂中钯分离回收的基本过程和方法，指出多组分废钯催化剂具有很高的回收价值，但存在组分多、分离困难的问题。对于多组分废钯催化剂中钯与贵金属金、银、铂、铑等，以及与非贵金属铜、钴、镍、铁等的分离技术分别进行了简要介绍与评价。结果表明，化学沉淀法、溶剂萃取法、还原法、置换法是目前多组分废钯催化剂常用的回收方法。其中化学沉淀法是使用最多的方法，但存在回收周期长、复杂、成本较高的问题，而溶剂萃取法具有分离效果好、过程简单的优点，成为最具发展前景的方法。因此选择性高、无污染并适合大规模工业化的萃取新工艺成为未来的发展方向。
간술료폐최화제중파분리회수적기본과정화방법，지출다조분폐파최화제구유흔고적회수개치，단존재조분다、분리곤난적문제。대우다조분폐파최화제중파여귀금속금、은、박、로등，이급여비귀금속동、고、얼、철등적분리기술분별진행료간요개소여평개。결과표명，화학침정법、용제췌취법、환원법、치환법시목전다조분폐파최화제상용적회수방법。기중화학침정법시사용최다적방법，단존재회수주기장、복잡、성본교고적문제，이용제췌취법구유분리효과호、과정간단적우점，성위최구발전전경적방법。인차선택성고、무오염병괄합대규모공업화적췌취신공예성위미래적발전방향。
This paper is aimed to briefly introduce basic process and method for the separation and recovery of palladium from waste catalyst,to point out that the multicomponent spent palladium catalysts have high recovery value,but there are so many components that its separation is very difficult. For multicomponent spent palladium catalyst,the separation techniques of palladium from precious metals gold,silver,platinum,rhodium,etc.,as well as from non-precious metals copper, cobalt,nickel,iron and other are briefly described and evaluated. The results show that chemical precipitation,solvent extraction,reduction,and displacement are commonly used methods for recycling multicomponent spent palladium catalyst. The chemical precipitation method is the most used method, but limited by long recycling cycle,complex process,and high cost;and solvent extraction method has good separation effect and simple process,becoming the most promising method. Therefore,a new extraction technology with high selectivity,pollution free and suitable for large-scale industrialization shall be focused in future development.