CAJ | 학술논문

通过倒扣将卡点以上的管柱解卡起出以及在取换套施工中倒套管取套，施工周期长，施工费用高，每次倒出的管柱程度不确定，施工显得非常被动。利用切割工具预先切割井内卡点以上的自由段管柱，将被切割的管柱一次性起出，大大加快了施工速度，而且对切割位置可实现人为控制。在现场多口井使用中通过对机械内割刀内部结构的不断改进，将对刀头机械施加压力改为水力施加压力，解决了机械内切割工具坐卡确定切割位置困难、刀头加压不均匀、对井内被切割管柱鱼顶不在井口而不能预先施加提拉力导致无法正常切割等问题；同时对切割管柱组合也进行了不断改进和现场试验，解决了切割和打捞需两次完成、效率低和刀头易损的问题，实现了切割打捞一体化施工，有效地保护了割刀刀头，延长了刀头使用寿命，提高了施工效率。目前，青海油田套管切割工艺已逐步替代了通过倒扣解卡打捞处理卡钻事故的传统修井工艺，成为快速解除卡钻管柱事故和取套、换套施工中管柱快速起出套管的首选修井工艺之一。
통과도구장잡점이상적관주해잡기출이급재취환투시공중도투관취투，시공주기장，시공비용고，매차도출적관주정도불학정，시공현득비상피동。이용절할공구예선절할정내잡점이상적자유단관주，장피절할적관주일차성기출，대대가쾌료시공속도，이차대절할위치가실현인위공제。재현장다구정사용중통과대궤계내할도내부결구적불단개진，장대도두궤계시가압력개위수력시가압력，해결료궤계내절할공구좌잡학정절할위치곤난、도두가압불균균、대정내피절할관주어정불재정구이불능예선시가제랍력도치무법정상절할등문제；동시대절할관주조합야진행료불단개진화현장시험，해결료절할화타로수량차완성、효솔저화도두역손적문제，실현료절할타로일체화시공，유효지보호료할도도두，연장료도두사용수명，제고료시공효솔。목전，청해유전투관절할공예이축보체대료통과도구해잡타로처리잡찬사고적전통수정공예，성위쾌속해제잡찬관주사고화취투、환투시공중관주쾌속기출투관적수선수정공예지일。
The operation of freeing the stuck pipe above the sticking point by back-off and taking the casing during casing replacing will take a long time and a lot of money, and the extent of retrieved casing is not certain, so the operation is quite passive. Using cutting tool to cut off the free string above the sticking point in the hole and retrieving the cut-off string out of hole at one time can greatly speed up the operation and can realize manual control over the cutting location. In a number of wells at site, the internal structure of mechani-cal inside cutters has been improved, and hydraulic force is exerted to cutting head instead of mechanical force, which has solved the problems of dififculty in determining the cutting location of the mechanical inside cutting, uneven force exerted on the cutting head, as well as being unable to cut normally due to failure to exert pull force in advance due to the ifsh head not being at the wellhead. Also, the string assembly to be cut off has been improved and tested on site, which has solved the problems of cutting and ifshing to be ifnished in two times, low efifciency and easy damage to the cutters, realizing integrated operation of cutting and ifshing, effectively protecting the cutting head, extending the service life of cutters and improving the job efifciency. At present, the cutting technology in Qinghai Oilifeld has gradually replaced the traditional well servicing technology which addresses stuck pipe by back-off and ifshing. This cutting technol-ogy has become one of the preferred downhole service technologies to quickly remove stuckpipe accident and rapidly retrieve the casing string in retrieving and casing replacing operations.