中华危重病急救医学
中華危重病急救醫學
중화위중병급구의학
Chinese Critical Care Medicine
2014年
11期
794-798
,共5页
老年%中青年%急性呼吸窘迫综合征%预后危险因素%急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ
老年%中青年%急性呼吸窘迫綜閤徵%預後危險因素%急性生理學與慢性健康狀況評分繫統Ⅱ
노년%중청년%급성호흡군박종합정%예후위험인소%급성생이학여만성건강상황평분계통Ⅱ
Elderly%Young%Acute respiratory distress syndrome%Prognostic risk factor%Acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ
目的:比较重症监护病房(ICU)内老年及中青年急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)患者的临床特点及预后相关危险因素。方法回顾性分析2011年8月至2013年11月大连医科大学附属第一医院ICU中符合ARDS柏林诊断标准的150例患者的临床资料。按照年龄分为≥65岁的老年组(78例)和<65岁的中青年组(72例);再根据临床结局分别分为存活组和死亡组。记录患者入院后临床特征相关指标,单因素分析老年患者与中青年患者的临床特点;不同预后组间进行单因素分析,并采用二元logistic回归分析预后危险因素。结果与中青年组比较,老年组住院时间〔d:27.0(16.0,36.0)比15.0(8.0,21.0),P=0.000〕、ICU住院时间〔d:25.0(15.0,32.0)比13.0(7.0,19.00),P=0.000〕、机械通气时间〔d:19.0(11.0,27.0)比8.0(5.0,15.0), P=0.000)、气管切开率〔39.74%(31/78)比18.06%(13/72),P=0.003〕、器官功能障碍数(个:3.78±0.49比1.97±1.03,P=0.043)、血肌酐(μmol/L:153.85±16.89比108.26±9.14,P=0.017)均显著升高;老年组病死率〔67.95%(53/78)比59.72%(43/72),P=0.190〕和急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)评分(分:17.94±6.04比15.99±6.93,P=0.068)虽然高于中青年组,但差异无统计学意义。死亡原因老年患者以呼吸衰竭为主;中青年患者以多器官功能障碍综合征、循环衰竭等其他原因为主,原因较复杂。老年死亡组APACHEⅡ评分、器官功能障碍数、最高呼气末正压(PEEP)均明显高于老年存活组〔APACHEⅡ评分(分):19.45±6.00比14.72±4.83,器官功能障碍数(个):4.13±0.88比2.16±1.01,最高PEEP(cmH2O,1 cmH2O=0.098 kPa):13.93±4.16比9.72±3.72,均P<0.01〕,而气管切开率、pH值显著低于老年存活组〔气管切开率:32.08%(17/53)比56.00%(14/25),pH值:7.35±0.14比7.42±0.08,均P<0.05〕;Logistic回归分析显示,老年ARDS患者预后与APACHEⅡ评分〔比值比(OR)=7.068,95%可信区间(95%CI)=1.358~3.273,P=0.023〕、器官功能障碍数(OR=2.328,95%CI=1.193~4.520,P=0.029)有关。中青年死亡组APACHEⅡ评分、器官功能障碍数、血乳酸、最高PEEP均显著高于中青年存活组〔APACHEⅡ评分(分):18.12±6.88比12.83±5.80,器官功能障碍数(个):3.16±1.23比2.55±1.29,血乳酸(mmol/L):4.84±4.07比2.56±1.86,最高PEEP(cmH2O):13.93±5.50比10.54±4.05,P<0.05或P<0.01〕,而pH值、住院时间、ICU住院时间均明显低于中青年存活组〔pH值:7.30±0.16比7.41±0.10,住院时间(d):11.09±10.97比25.17±19.05,ICU住院时间(d):8.0(5.0,13.0)比20.0(12.0,31.0),均P<0.01〕;Logistic回归分析显示,中青年ARDS患者预后仅与APACHEⅡ评分有关(OR=5.735,95%CI=1.921~3.310,P=0.004)。结论 APACHEⅡ评分升高、器官功能障碍数增多是老年ARDS患者不良预后的高危因素,APACHEⅡ评分升高是中青年患者不良预后的高危因素。
目的:比較重癥鑑護病房(ICU)內老年及中青年急性呼吸窘迫綜閤徵(ARDS)患者的臨床特點及預後相關危險因素。方法迴顧性分析2011年8月至2013年11月大連醫科大學附屬第一醫院ICU中符閤ARDS柏林診斷標準的150例患者的臨床資料。按照年齡分為≥65歲的老年組(78例)和<65歲的中青年組(72例);再根據臨床結跼分彆分為存活組和死亡組。記錄患者入院後臨床特徵相關指標,單因素分析老年患者與中青年患者的臨床特點;不同預後組間進行單因素分析,併採用二元logistic迴歸分析預後危險因素。結果與中青年組比較,老年組住院時間〔d:27.0(16.0,36.0)比15.0(8.0,21.0),P=0.000〕、ICU住院時間〔d:25.0(15.0,32.0)比13.0(7.0,19.00),P=0.000〕、機械通氣時間〔d:19.0(11.0,27.0)比8.0(5.0,15.0), P=0.000)、氣管切開率〔39.74%(31/78)比18.06%(13/72),P=0.003〕、器官功能障礙數(箇:3.78±0.49比1.97±1.03,P=0.043)、血肌酐(μmol/L:153.85±16.89比108.26±9.14,P=0.017)均顯著升高;老年組病死率〔67.95%(53/78)比59.72%(43/72),P=0.190〕和急性生理學與慢性健康狀況評分繫統Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)評分(分:17.94±6.04比15.99±6.93,P=0.068)雖然高于中青年組,但差異無統計學意義。死亡原因老年患者以呼吸衰竭為主;中青年患者以多器官功能障礙綜閤徵、循環衰竭等其他原因為主,原因較複雜。老年死亡組APACHEⅡ評分、器官功能障礙數、最高呼氣末正壓(PEEP)均明顯高于老年存活組〔APACHEⅡ評分(分):19.45±6.00比14.72±4.83,器官功能障礙數(箇):4.13±0.88比2.16±1.01,最高PEEP(cmH2O,1 cmH2O=0.098 kPa):13.93±4.16比9.72±3.72,均P<0.01〕,而氣管切開率、pH值顯著低于老年存活組〔氣管切開率:32.08%(17/53)比56.00%(14/25),pH值:7.35±0.14比7.42±0.08,均P<0.05〕;Logistic迴歸分析顯示,老年ARDS患者預後與APACHEⅡ評分〔比值比(OR)=7.068,95%可信區間(95%CI)=1.358~3.273,P=0.023〕、器官功能障礙數(OR=2.328,95%CI=1.193~4.520,P=0.029)有關。中青年死亡組APACHEⅡ評分、器官功能障礙數、血乳痠、最高PEEP均顯著高于中青年存活組〔APACHEⅡ評分(分):18.12±6.88比12.83±5.80,器官功能障礙數(箇):3.16±1.23比2.55±1.29,血乳痠(mmol/L):4.84±4.07比2.56±1.86,最高PEEP(cmH2O):13.93±5.50比10.54±4.05,P<0.05或P<0.01〕,而pH值、住院時間、ICU住院時間均明顯低于中青年存活組〔pH值:7.30±0.16比7.41±0.10,住院時間(d):11.09±10.97比25.17±19.05,ICU住院時間(d):8.0(5.0,13.0)比20.0(12.0,31.0),均P<0.01〕;Logistic迴歸分析顯示,中青年ARDS患者預後僅與APACHEⅡ評分有關(OR=5.735,95%CI=1.921~3.310,P=0.004)。結論 APACHEⅡ評分升高、器官功能障礙數增多是老年ARDS患者不良預後的高危因素,APACHEⅡ評分升高是中青年患者不良預後的高危因素。
목적:비교중증감호병방(ICU)내노년급중청년급성호흡군박종합정(ARDS)환자적림상특점급예후상관위험인소。방법회고성분석2011년8월지2013년11월대련의과대학부속제일의원ICU중부합ARDS백림진단표준적150례환자적림상자료。안조년령분위≥65세적노년조(78례)화<65세적중청년조(72례);재근거림상결국분별분위존활조화사망조。기록환자입원후림상특정상관지표,단인소분석노년환자여중청년환자적림상특점;불동예후조간진행단인소분석,병채용이원logistic회귀분석예후위험인소。결과여중청년조비교,노년조주원시간〔d:27.0(16.0,36.0)비15.0(8.0,21.0),P=0.000〕、ICU주원시간〔d:25.0(15.0,32.0)비13.0(7.0,19.00),P=0.000〕、궤계통기시간〔d:19.0(11.0,27.0)비8.0(5.0,15.0), P=0.000)、기관절개솔〔39.74%(31/78)비18.06%(13/72),P=0.003〕、기관공능장애수(개:3.78±0.49비1.97±1.03,P=0.043)、혈기항(μmol/L:153.85±16.89비108.26±9.14,P=0.017)균현저승고;노년조병사솔〔67.95%(53/78)비59.72%(43/72),P=0.190〕화급성생이학여만성건강상황평분계통Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)평분(분:17.94±6.04비15.99±6.93,P=0.068)수연고우중청년조,단차이무통계학의의。사망원인노년환자이호흡쇠갈위주;중청년환자이다기관공능장애종합정、순배쇠갈등기타원인위주,원인교복잡。노년사망조APACHEⅡ평분、기관공능장애수、최고호기말정압(PEEP)균명현고우노년존활조〔APACHEⅡ평분(분):19.45±6.00비14.72±4.83,기관공능장애수(개):4.13±0.88비2.16±1.01,최고PEEP(cmH2O,1 cmH2O=0.098 kPa):13.93±4.16비9.72±3.72,균P<0.01〕,이기관절개솔、pH치현저저우노년존활조〔기관절개솔:32.08%(17/53)비56.00%(14/25),pH치:7.35±0.14비7.42±0.08,균P<0.05〕;Logistic회귀분석현시,노년ARDS환자예후여APACHEⅡ평분〔비치비(OR)=7.068,95%가신구간(95%CI)=1.358~3.273,P=0.023〕、기관공능장애수(OR=2.328,95%CI=1.193~4.520,P=0.029)유관。중청년사망조APACHEⅡ평분、기관공능장애수、혈유산、최고PEEP균현저고우중청년존활조〔APACHEⅡ평분(분):18.12±6.88비12.83±5.80,기관공능장애수(개):3.16±1.23비2.55±1.29,혈유산(mmol/L):4.84±4.07비2.56±1.86,최고PEEP(cmH2O):13.93±5.50비10.54±4.05,P<0.05혹P<0.01〕,이pH치、주원시간、ICU주원시간균명현저우중청년존활조〔pH치:7.30±0.16비7.41±0.10,주원시간(d):11.09±10.97비25.17±19.05,ICU주원시간(d):8.0(5.0,13.0)비20.0(12.0,31.0),균P<0.01〕;Logistic회귀분석현시,중청년ARDS환자예후부여APACHEⅡ평분유관(OR=5.735,95%CI=1.921~3.310,P=0.004)。결론 APACHEⅡ평분승고、기관공능장애수증다시노년ARDS환자불량예후적고위인소,APACHEⅡ평분승고시중청년환자불량예후적고위인소。
Objective To compare the characteristics and risk factors of prognosis between elder and young patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)in intensive care unit(ICU). Methods The data of 150 patients meeting ARDS Berlin guideline who admitted to ICU of Affiliated First Hospital of Dalian Medical University from August 2011 to November 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients over 65 years old were served as elderly group(n=78),and those younger than 65 years old were served as young group(n=72),and the patients were subdivided into survivors and non-survivors groups. The characteristics of patients at admission was recorded to investigate the characteristics of elder and young patients by univariate analysis. The univariate analysis was also conducted between different prognosis groups,and the risk factors of mortality were demonstrated by multivariate logistic analysis. Results Compared with the young group,the hospital length of stays〔days:27.0 (16.0,36.0)vs. 15.0(8.0,21.0),P=0.000〕,ICU length of days〔days:25.0(15.0,32.0)vs. 13.0(7.0,19.00), P=0.000〕,mechanical ventilation days〔days:19.0(11.0,27.0)vs. 8.0(5.0,15.0),P=0.000〕,the proportion of tracheotomy:〔39.74%(31/78)vs. 18.06%(13/17),P=0.003〕,the number of organ dysfunction(3.78±0.49 vs. 1.97±1.03,P=0.043)and creatinine(μmol/L:153.85±16.89 vs. 108.26±9.14,P=0.017)of elderly group were significantly increased. The mortality〔67.95%(53/78)vs. 59.72%(43/72),P=0.190〕and acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ(APACHEⅡ)score(17.94±6.04 vs. 15.99±6.93,P=0.068)in the elderly group were higher than those in the young group but without the significant differences. The causes of death in elderly patients were mainly with respiratory failure;the mainly causes in young and middle-aged patients were complex with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome,circulatory failure and other reasons. APACHEⅡscore,the number of organ dysfunction,and maximum positive end-expiratory pressure(PEEP)in the non-survivors of the elderly group were significantly higher than those of the survivors〔APACHEⅡ score:19.45±6.00 vs. 14.72±4.83,the number of organ dysfunction:4.13±0.88 vs. 2.16±1.01,maximum PEEP(cmH2O,1 cmH2O=0.098 kPa):13.93±4.16 vs. 9.72±3.72, all P<0.01〕,and the proportion of tracheotomy and pH value were significantly lower than those of the survivors〔the proportion of tracheotomy:32.08%(17/53)vs. 56.00%(14/25),pH value:7.35±0.14 vs. 7.42±0.08,both P<0.05〕. Logistic analysis showed that APACHEⅡ score〔odds ratio(OR)=7.068,95% confidence interval (95%CI)=1.358-3.273,P=0.023〕,the number of organ dysfunction(OR=2.328,95%CI=1.193-4.520,P=0.029)were related with prognosis in elderly patients with ARDS. APACHEⅡscore,the number of organ dysfunction, blood lactate,maximum PEEP in non-survivors of the young group were significantly higher than those of the survivors〔APACHEⅡ score:18.12±6.88 vs. 12.83± 5.80,the number of organ dysfunction:3.16±1.23 vs. 2.55±1.29, blood lactate(mmol/L):4.84± 4.07 vs. 2.56±1.86,maximum PEEP(cmH2O):13.93±5.50 vs. 10.54±4.05, P<0.05 or P<0.01〕,and the pH value,hospital length of stays,ICU length of days were significantly lower than those of the survivors〔pH value:7.30±0.16 vs. 7.41±0.10,hospital length of stays(days):11.09±10.97 vs. 25.17±19.05,ICU length of days(days):8.0(5.0,13.0)vs. 20.0(12.0,31.0),all P<0.01〕. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that APACHEⅡ score was related with the prognosis in young patients with ARDS(OR=5.735, 95%CI=1.921-3.310,P=0.004). Conclusions Higher APACHEⅡscore and the number of organ dysfunction were independent predictors of worse outcome in elder ARDS patients. Higher APACHEⅡscore was the independent predictor of worse outcome in young ARDS patients.