CAJ | 학술논문

目的：应用供应链管理理论分析美国国家医药品战略储备供应体系的优缺点，提出适用于我国国家应急医药品有效供应的建议。方法：通过文献研究和比较研究方法，了解美国应急医药品战略性国家储备体系的供应链模式与中国的差异性。结果：从供应链的视角，美国战略性国家储备对应急医药品主要采取“应急包预先储备”、“管理型库存”和“合同储备”的应急准备方式；对应急医药品的物流调运采取“地方-州-国家”申报审批管理和分时间段供应模式；信息流的传递，利用大型数据库、模拟软件和技术咨询响应单元的建立，实现实时交流，便于准确与及时地调运应急医药品。结论：完善我国应急医药品的供应链体系，明确供应管理的主体与职责，建立分救灾时间段的应急医药品目录和采用第四方物流供应模式，提高我国应急医药品准备的系统化、规范化和信息化水平。
목적：응용공응련관리이론분석미국국가의약품전략저비공응체계적우결점，제출괄용우아국국가응급의약품유효공응적건의。방법：통과문헌연구화비교연구방법，료해미국응급의약품전략성국가저비체계적공응련모식여중국적차이성。결과：종공응련적시각，미국전략성국가저비대응급의약품주요채취“응급포예선저비”、“관리형고존”화“합동저비”적응급준비방식；대응급의약품적물류조운채취“지방-주-국가”신보심비관리화분시간단공응모식；신식류적전체，이용대형수거고、모의연건화기술자순향응단원적건립，실현실시교류，편우준학여급시지조운응급의약품。결론：완선아국응급의약품적공응련체계，명학공응관리적주체여직책，건립분구재시간단적응급의약품목록화채용제사방물류공응모식，제고아국응급의약품준비적계통화、규범화화신식화수평。
Objective:To analyze the pros and cons of the US strategic national stockpile ( SNS) from the per-spective of the supply chain and to put forward suitable recommendations for China’s national emergency medicine system. Methods:Literature review and a comprehensive analysis have been utilized to understand the SNS supply chain model and its differences from the Chinese model. Results:From the perspective of the supply chain, the Unit-ed State’s storage of emergency medicine consists of the forward placement of push packages, managed inventory and purchase contracts. The deployment of logistics for emergency medicine must gain approval from the federal government’s “local-state-nation” system, and be conducted at a different time. To transmit information, a large da-tabase, simulation software, and a technical advisory response unit have been established to manage information flow to distribute medicine accurately and promptly. Conclusion:Given the experiences of supply chain management in the US SNS system, it is critical for China to improve the supply chain system of emergency medicine, define the institu-tions and responsibilities within the supply chain, establish disaster relief reserve of emergency medicine and adopt fourth-party logistics for emergency medicine in order to make the China’s emergency preparedness more systemized, standardized, and information-based.