林业科学
林業科學
임업과학
SCIENTIA SILVAE SINICAE
2014年
9期
10-17
,共8页
植茶年限%土壤微团聚体%组成特征%分形特征
植茶年限%土壤微糰聚體%組成特徵%分形特徵
식다년한%토양미단취체%조성특정%분형특정
tea plantation age%soil micro-aggregates%composition feature%fractal feature
采用野外调查和室内分析相结合的方法，研究不同植茶年限茶园土壤微团聚体的组成及其分形特征。结果表明：茶园土壤微团聚体组成以0.25～0.05 mm粒级为主，占微团聚体总量的41.95%～55.44%，0.05～0.01 mm粒级次之，占23.54%～25.66%，＜0.001 mm 粒级所占比例最小，为5.80%～8.71%，随植茶年限增加，0.25～0.05 mm粒级土壤微团聚体含量显著升高，0.05～0.01 mm 和0.01～0.005 mm 粒级含量变化不明显，而0.005～0.001 mm和＜0.001 mm粒级含量则显著降低；随植茶年限增加，土壤微团聚体平均质量比表面积值、分形维数值和土壤特征微团聚体组成比例(＜0.005 mm)/(0.25～0.05 mm)值均逐渐减小，而土壤微团聚体平均质量直径值则逐渐增大；不同植茶年限土壤微团聚体分形维数值和土壤特征微团聚体组成比例值均与土壤有机质含量、全氮含量、碱解氮含量、全磷含量和有效磷含量极显著负相关。长期植茶可促进土壤较小粒级微团聚体向较大粒级微团聚体转化，从而提高土壤微团聚体稳定性，土壤微团聚体分形维数值和土壤特征微团聚体组成比例值均可作为定量化描述茶园土壤肥力状况的指标。
採用野外調查和室內分析相結閤的方法，研究不同植茶年限茶園土壤微糰聚體的組成及其分形特徵。結果錶明：茶園土壤微糰聚體組成以0.25～0.05 mm粒級為主，佔微糰聚體總量的41.95%～55.44%，0.05～0.01 mm粒級次之，佔23.54%～25.66%，＜0.001 mm 粒級所佔比例最小，為5.80%～8.71%，隨植茶年限增加，0.25～0.05 mm粒級土壤微糰聚體含量顯著升高，0.05～0.01 mm 和0.01～0.005 mm 粒級含量變化不明顯，而0.005～0.001 mm和＜0.001 mm粒級含量則顯著降低；隨植茶年限增加，土壤微糰聚體平均質量比錶麵積值、分形維數值和土壤特徵微糰聚體組成比例(＜0.005 mm)/(0.25～0.05 mm)值均逐漸減小，而土壤微糰聚體平均質量直徑值則逐漸增大；不同植茶年限土壤微糰聚體分形維數值和土壤特徵微糰聚體組成比例值均與土壤有機質含量、全氮含量、堿解氮含量、全燐含量和有效燐含量極顯著負相關。長期植茶可促進土壤較小粒級微糰聚體嚮較大粒級微糰聚體轉化，從而提高土壤微糰聚體穩定性，土壤微糰聚體分形維數值和土壤特徵微糰聚體組成比例值均可作為定量化描述茶園土壤肥力狀況的指標。
채용야외조사화실내분석상결합적방법，연구불동식다년한다완토양미단취체적조성급기분형특정。결과표명：다완토양미단취체조성이0.25～0.05 mm립급위주，점미단취체총량적41.95%～55.44%，0.05～0.01 mm립급차지，점23.54%～25.66%，＜0.001 mm 립급소점비례최소，위5.80%～8.71%，수식다년한증가，0.25～0.05 mm립급토양미단취체함량현저승고，0.05～0.01 mm 화0.01～0.005 mm 립급함량변화불명현，이0.005～0.001 mm화＜0.001 mm립급함량칙현저강저；수식다년한증가，토양미단취체평균질량비표면적치、분형유수치화토양특정미단취체조성비례(＜0.005 mm)/(0.25～0.05 mm)치균축점감소，이토양미단취체평균질량직경치칙축점증대；불동식다년한토양미단취체분형유수치화토양특정미단취체조성비례치균여토양유궤질함량、전담함량、감해담함량、전린함량화유효린함량겁현저부상관。장기식다가촉진토양교소립급미단취체향교대립급미단취체전화，종이제고토양미단취체은정성，토양미단취체분형유수치화토양특정미단취체조성비례치균가작위정양화묘술다완토양비력상황적지표。
Through a field survey and laboratory analysis,the composition and fractal features of soil micro-aggregates in different Camellia sinensis plantations with different ages were studied. Results showed that 0. 25 ~0. 05 mm fraction made up the largest proportion and accounted for 41. 95% ~55. 44% of total micro-aggregates,followed by 0. 05 ~0. 01 mm fraction that accounted for 23. 54% ~ 25. 66%, and < 0. 001 mm fraction accounted for the smallest proportion of 5. 80% ~8. 71%. The percentage of 0. 25 ~ 0. 05 mm fraction presented an increasing trend as the increase in tea plantation age,however,the percentages of 0. 005 ~0. 001 mm and <0. 001 mm fractions showed an inverse trend. Moreover,the values of mean weight soil surface area ( MWSSA) and fractal dimension ( D) of soil micro-aggregates and compositional proportion of characteristic soil micro-aggregates PCM ( <0. 005 mm )/( 0. 25 ~0. 05 mm ) presented a decreasing trend as the increase of tea plantation age,however,the value of mean weight diameter ( MWD ) of soil micro-aggregates displayed an increasing trend. The values of soil micro-aggregates D and soil PCM had negative correlation with contents of soil organic matter,total N and P and available N and P. Long-term tea planting was beneficial to promoting transformation from smaller soil micro-aggregates to larger micro-aggregates,thereby improving soil micro-aggregates stability. Thus,values of soil micro-aggregates D and soil PCM can be used as the quantitative evaluation indicators of soil fertility in tea plantations.
