铁道学报
鐵道學報
철도학보
2014年
10期
88-94
,共7页
沉降除污%过滤除污%除污能力%轨道除污装置
沉降除汙%過濾除汙%除汙能力%軌道除汙裝置
침강제오%과려제오%제오능력%궤도제오장치
sedimentation removing of waste particles%filtration removing of waste particles%capacity of waste particle removing%track waste elimination apparatus
针对传统除污装置除污功能的单一性，提出一种集成沉降和过滤功能的新型组合式轨道除污装置，即将沉降除污功能和过滤除污功能集成到一套装置上，利用两种除污功能各自的优点，将除污气流引入沉降除污舱内除去气流中粒径或比重较大的污物颗粒，通过过滤除污舱除去气流中粒径或比重较小的污物颗粒。新装置能够除去多种污物颗粒并能节约空间和延长滤袋使用寿命。基于流体力学原理，忽略空气黏性力和密度变化，且不考虑气流流动的边界效应和不均匀性，对新型除污装置的除污能力进行计算和试验测试。结果表明：除污风量80000 m3/h时，该装置的沉降除污功能能够除去粒径分别大于0.07 mm、0.21 mm和0.47 mm的铁粉、石子和灰尘，过滤除污功能的过滤压差750 Pa ，滤袋气孔直径8.3μm ，有效过滤面积126 m2，过滤除污效率超过99％；排放气流的含尘量20 mg/m3，排放气流中未检测出粒径过大的污物颗粒。
針對傳統除汙裝置除汙功能的單一性，提齣一種集成沉降和過濾功能的新型組閤式軌道除汙裝置，即將沉降除汙功能和過濾除汙功能集成到一套裝置上，利用兩種除汙功能各自的優點，將除汙氣流引入沉降除汙艙內除去氣流中粒徑或比重較大的汙物顆粒，通過過濾除汙艙除去氣流中粒徑或比重較小的汙物顆粒。新裝置能夠除去多種汙物顆粒併能節約空間和延長濾袋使用壽命。基于流體力學原理，忽略空氣黏性力和密度變化，且不攷慮氣流流動的邊界效應和不均勻性，對新型除汙裝置的除汙能力進行計算和試驗測試。結果錶明：除汙風量80000 m3/h時，該裝置的沉降除汙功能能夠除去粒徑分彆大于0.07 mm、0.21 mm和0.47 mm的鐵粉、石子和灰塵，過濾除汙功能的過濾壓差750 Pa ，濾袋氣孔直徑8.3μm ，有效過濾麵積126 m2，過濾除汙效率超過99％；排放氣流的含塵量20 mg/m3，排放氣流中未檢測齣粒徑過大的汙物顆粒。
침대전통제오장치제오공능적단일성，제출일충집성침강화과려공능적신형조합식궤도제오장치，즉장침강제오공능화과려제오공능집성도일투장치상，이용량충제오공능각자적우점，장제오기류인입침강제오창내제거기류중립경혹비중교대적오물과립，통과과려제오창제거기류중립경혹비중교소적오물과립。신장치능구제거다충오물과립병능절약공간화연장려대사용수명。기우류체역학원리，홀략공기점성력화밀도변화，차불고필기류류동적변계효응화불균균성，대신형제오장치적제오능력진행계산화시험측시。결과표명：제오풍량80000 m3/h시，해장치적침강제오공능능구제거립경분별대우0.07 mm、0.21 mm화0.47 mm적철분、석자화회진，과려제오공능적과려압차750 Pa ，려대기공직경8.3μm ，유효과려면적126 m2，과려제오효솔초과99％；배방기류적함진량20 mg/m3，배방기류중미검측출립경과대적오물과립。
In view that the conventional track waste removing apparatus can only fulfill a single function ,a novel track waste removing apparatus was designed in which the sedimentation removing function and the filtration removing function were integrated and the respective advantages of the two waste removing functions were uti-lized .Waste airflow was introduced first into a sedimentation device to remove from it the waste particles of large sizes and high specific gravities and then into a filtration device to remove the waste particles of small sizes and low specific gravities .So the new apparatus can remove a variety of waste particles ,save the working space and prolong the lifetime of filter bags .According to the principles of hydromechanics ,the waste removing capac-ity of the new apparatus was calculated and experimentally tested by neglecting the viscous force and density variation of airflow and not considering the boundary effect and nonuniformity of airflow .The results show as follows :When the waste suction airflow flux is 80 000 m3/h ,sedimentation can remove iron filings ,stones and dusts with the diameters being greater than 0.07 mm ,0.21 mm and 0.47 mm respectively ,the filtration pres-sure drop is 750 Pa ,the filter bag pore diameter is 8.3 μm ,the effective filtration area is 126 m2 and the efficien-cy of filtration removing is over 99% ;the dust content of the discharged airflow is 20 mg/m3 and waste particles of excessive diameters were not detected in the exhausted airflow .
