气象与环境学报
氣象與環境學報
기상여배경학보
JOURNAL OF METEOROLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT
2014年
5期
21-26
,共6页
王开燕%邓涛%邓雪娇%李海洋%赵小伟%祁秀香
王開燕%鄧濤%鄧雪嬌%李海洋%趙小偉%祁秀香
왕개연%산도%산설교%리해양%조소위%기수향
灰霾数值预报%数值模拟%天气型
灰霾數值預報%數值模擬%天氣型
회매수치예보%수치모의%천기형
Haze numerical forecast system%Numerical simulation%Synoptic type
利用2010年南沙气象探测基地灰霾观测资料,采用灰霾数值预报系统对不同天气型过程进行数值模拟,分析珠江三角洲地区空气污染的主要控制因子和主要污染成分及不同天气系统影响下各种排放源对珠江三角洲地区的污染贡献。结果表明:灰霾数值预报模式模拟值与实测值趋势基本一致,除个别极值外,模拟结果能较好和定性地反映珠江三角洲地区各污染物浓度变化,是适合珠江三角洲地区的灰霾数值预报系统。在易出现灰霾月的变性高压入海型和不易出现灰霾月的热带气旋外围下沉气流控制时,各污染物浓度均较高,特别是PM10、PM2.5、元素碳(Elemental Carbon,EC)、有机碳(Organic Carbon,OC)和CO浓度尤其明显。在易出现灰霾月冷空气南下时和不易出现灰霾月无明显天气系统影响时,元素碳EC、有机碳OC和CO浓度较低,其他污染物浓度接近零。无论是否出现灰霾,相对于空气中的其他污染物,元素碳EC、有机碳OC和CO浓度均较高,说明在珠江三角洲地区碳污染较重。
利用2010年南沙氣象探測基地灰霾觀測資料,採用灰霾數值預報繫統對不同天氣型過程進行數值模擬,分析珠江三角洲地區空氣汙染的主要控製因子和主要汙染成分及不同天氣繫統影響下各種排放源對珠江三角洲地區的汙染貢獻。結果錶明:灰霾數值預報模式模擬值與實測值趨勢基本一緻,除箇彆極值外,模擬結果能較好和定性地反映珠江三角洲地區各汙染物濃度變化,是適閤珠江三角洲地區的灰霾數值預報繫統。在易齣現灰霾月的變性高壓入海型和不易齣現灰霾月的熱帶氣鏇外圍下沉氣流控製時,各汙染物濃度均較高,特彆是PM10、PM2.5、元素碳(Elemental Carbon,EC)、有機碳(Organic Carbon,OC)和CO濃度尤其明顯。在易齣現灰霾月冷空氣南下時和不易齣現灰霾月無明顯天氣繫統影響時,元素碳EC、有機碳OC和CO濃度較低,其他汙染物濃度接近零。無論是否齣現灰霾,相對于空氣中的其他汙染物,元素碳EC、有機碳OC和CO濃度均較高,說明在珠江三角洲地區碳汙染較重。
이용2010년남사기상탐측기지회매관측자료,채용회매수치예보계통대불동천기형과정진행수치모의,분석주강삼각주지구공기오염적주요공제인자화주요오염성분급불동천기계통영향하각충배방원대주강삼각주지구적오염공헌。결과표명:회매수치예보모식모의치여실측치추세기본일치,제개별겁치외,모의결과능교호화정성지반영주강삼각주지구각오염물농도변화,시괄합주강삼각주지구적회매수치예보계통。재역출현회매월적변성고압입해형화불역출현회매월적열대기선외위하침기류공제시,각오염물농도균교고,특별시PM10、PM2.5、원소탄(Elemental Carbon,EC)、유궤탄(Organic Carbon,OC)화CO농도우기명현。재역출현회매월랭공기남하시화불역출현회매월무명현천기계통영향시,원소탄EC、유궤탄OC화CO농도교저,기타오염물농도접근령。무론시부출현회매,상대우공기중적기타오염물,원소탄EC、유궤탄OC화CO농도균교고,설명재주강삼각주지구탄오염교중。
Base on observed haze data in 2010 at Nansha weather station,haze processes of different synoptic types were simulated using a haze numerical forecast system.Main control factors,air pollution components,and pollu-tion contribution of various emission sources under different weather systems in the Pearl River Delta region of China were analyzed.The results show that simulated values from the haze numerical forecast system and observed values are in similar variation trends.In addition to individual extremum,simulation results can better and qualita-tive reflect the variation of pollutant concentration,so the system is suitable to simulate air pollution status in the Pearl River Delta region of China.Pollutant concentrations are high when it is controlled by continental denatured high and outer circulation of tropical cyclones,especially concentrations of PM10 ,PM2.5 ,EC(Elemental Carbon), OC(Organic Carbon)and CO(Carbon Oxide).Concentrations of EC,OC and CO is very low and other pollutants′concentrations are close to zero when cold air moves to southward or without a significant weather system.Whether haze appears or not,concentrations of EC,OC and CO are higher than that of other pollutants in the Pearl River Delta region of China,which suggests that carbon pollution is serious in this region.