CAJ | 학술논문

利用GRAPES模式、常规观测和NCEP再分析资料对2010年1月3日和2012年11月3日两次气旋影响华北地区暴雪（雨）天气过程的形成机理进行对比分析。结果表明：两次暴雪（雨）过程中降水落区与地面气旋的相对位置有较大差别，“0103”过程发生在气旋的东部，“1103”过程发生在气旋的北部。通过检验，GRAPE模式能较好模拟两次降水的落区。通过数值模拟的结果分析造成这种落区差异的原因，从热力方面来看，气旋的热力性质不同，“0103”过程一直保持暖心结构，“1103”过程冷空气不断被气旋卷入，使气旋逐渐变为冷心结构，造成冷暖空气相互作用方式不同。另一方面，“0103”过程冷暖空气的交汇发生在气旋与高压系统之间，且在气旋中心附近形成锢囚；而“1103”过程冷暖空气的交汇发生在气旋内部，过程的锋面系统由北向南倾斜。另外，“1103”过程水汽是被近地层气旋不断卷入；从风场垂直分布来看，两次过程发生前均有近地面层偏东风建立，结束时均伴随中低层系统过境，风向由南风转为北风，但降水过程中风场的演变明显不同。
이용GRAPES모식、상규관측화NCEP재분석자료대2010년1월3일화2012년11월3일량차기선영향화북지구폭설（우）천기과정적형성궤리진행대비분석。결과표명：량차폭설（우）과정중강수락구여지면기선적상대위치유교대차별，“0103”과정발생재기선적동부，“1103”과정발생재기선적북부。통과검험，GRAPE모식능교호모의량차강수적락구。통과수치모의적결과분석조성저충락구차이적원인，종열력방면래간，기선적열력성질불동，“0103”과정일직보지난심결구，“1103”과정랭공기불단피기선권입，사기선축점변위랭심결구，조성랭난공기상호작용방식불동。령일방면，“0103”과정랭난공기적교회발생재기선여고압계통지간，차재기선중심부근형성고수；이“1103”과정랭난공기적교회발생재기선내부，과정적봉면계통유북향남경사。령외，“1103”과정수기시피근지층기선불단권입；종풍장수직분포래간，량차과정발생전균유근지면층편동풍건립，결속시균반수중저층계통과경，풍향유남풍전위북풍，단강수과정중풍장적연변명현불동。
Based on the GRAPES model data,conventional observation meteorological data,and NCEP reanalysis data,mechanisms of the two heavy snow/rain processes on January 3,2010(code 0103),and November 3,2012 (code 1 103)in the North China were analyzed.The results indicate that the rain falling areas and relative locations of the surface cyclone are significantly different in these two processes.Precipitation mainly occurs in the east of cyclone for the "0103"process,while it is in the north for the "1 103"process.By test,the GRAPE model could simulate well the rain falling areas for the two processes.In terms of the analysis of numerical simulation results, the reasons for the characteristics of precipitation distribution can be explained as follow:From the thermodynamic features,thermodynamic characteristics of cyclone are different for the two processes.It is warm core structure for the "0103"process,while it is cold core structure for the"1 103"process.The cold air is continually invaded into the cyclone in the "1 103"process and results in its cold core structure.On the other hand,cold air and warm air converge between cyclone and anticyclone for the"0103"process and form the occlusion around the center of the cyclone,while they convege within the cyclone for the"1 103"process and front system leans from south to north. Furthermore,entrainment of water vapor by cyclone occurs at the low level for the"1 103"process.From the verti-cal distribution of the wind field,there is surface easternly wind before two processes occur,and the middle and low level flow transits when processes end up.Wind direction changes from south to north,while the evolution of wind field is obviously different during the process of precipitation.