CAJ | 학술논문

目的：探讨职业病患者应对方式的特点。方法采用应对方式问卷对135例在院职业病患者进行调查。结果职业病患者所采用的应对方式按分值高低排序为：退避（0.58±0.19）分＞幻想（0.54±0.20）分＞自责（0.51±0.20）分＞解决问题（0.48±0.15）分＞合理化（0.47±0.15）分＞求助（0.45±0.18）分。女性在解决问题、求助因子得分上高于男性；25～50岁的患者在自责、幻想、合理化因子上得分低于＜25岁组，在求助因子得分高于＜25岁组；学历高的患者在解决问题、求助因子得分上高于学历低的患者；己婚患者在解决问题、求助、幻想因子得分上高于未婚及离异或丧偶组；自付医疗费用的患者在退避因子得分高于工伤医疗和单位支付医疗费用的患者；病情重的患者在解决问题、求助因子得分低于病情中度和轻度的患者，而其在自责、退避因子得分上高于其他两组患者；家庭收入高的患者在解决问题、求助因子得分上高于家庭收入低的患者，而其在幻想、退避因子方面得分低于家庭收入低的患者，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）。结论职业病患者多采用不成熟的消极应对方式，女性、年龄25～50岁、已婚、病情轻、学历高、家庭收入高和非自付医疗费用的患者更易采用积极的应对方式。
목적：탐토직업병환자응대방식적특점。방법채용응대방식문권대135례재원직업병환자진행조사。결과직업병환자소채용적응대방식안분치고저배서위：퇴피（0.58±0.19）분＞환상（0.54±0.20）분＞자책（0.51±0.20）분＞해결문제（0.48±0.15）분＞합이화（0.47±0.15）분＞구조（0.45±0.18）분。녀성재해결문제、구조인자득분상고우남성；25～50세적환자재자책、환상、합이화인자상득분저우＜25세조，재구조인자득분고우＜25세조；학력고적환자재해결문제、구조인자득분상고우학력저적환자；기혼환자재해결문제、구조、환상인자득분상고우미혼급리이혹상우조；자부의료비용적환자재퇴피인자득분고우공상의료화단위지부의료비용적환자；병정중적환자재해결문제、구조인자득분저우병정중도화경도적환자，이기재자책、퇴피인자득분상고우기타량조환자；가정수입고적환자재해결문제、구조인자득분상고우가정수입저적환자，이기재환상、퇴피인자방면득분저우가정수입저적환자，차이균유통계학의의（P＜0.05혹P＜0.01）。결론직업병환자다채용불성숙적소겁응대방식，녀성、년령25～50세、이혼、병정경、학력고、가정수입고화비자부의료비용적환자경역채용적겁적응대방식。
Objective To explore the features of coping styles of patients with occupational disease. Methods The Coping Style Scale was applied to survey 135 patients with occupational disease. Results The score of escape (0.58±0.19) topped the coping styles, followed by that of fantasy (0.54 ±0.20), self-blame (0.51 ±0.20), solution (0.48 ±0.15), rationalization (0.47 ±0.15) and seeking help (0.45 ±0.18). Coping styles were different in patients with different gender, age, marital status, the severity of the illness, educational background, income and payment terms for the medical expense (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion Most occupational patients’ coping styles are negative. Female occupational disease patients, those aged from 25~50 years, married, with mild illness, highly educated, higher income and co-payment for the medical expense would like to choose positive coping styles.