中国海洋大学学报(社会科学版)
中國海洋大學學報(社會科學版)
중국해양대학학보(사회과학판)
JOURNAL OF OCEAN UNIVERSITY OF CHINA(SOCIAL SCIENCES)
2014年
5期
100-105
,共6页
比例原则%行政强制%裁量基准%规制
比例原則%行政彊製%裁量基準%規製
비례원칙%행정강제%재량기준%규제
the principle of proportionality%administrative enforcement%discretion standard%regulation
被誉为行政法“皇冠原则”的比例原则,在行政强制领域的适用具有深厚的法学理论基础,是宪政哲学、控权思想和法治理念在公权力运行中的具体表现。我国《行政强制法》对比例原则的引入和适用体现了立法机关对公私权益平衡的考虑和对个体权利免受非法侵害保护的关注。由于引入时间较短以及具体国情的特殊复杂性,加之原则固有的抽象性、辅助性特点,比例原则在我国法域内的适用程度不够彻底充分,在规制行政强制权行使范围和行使方式方面尚存在一定局限性。现阶段应将比例原则作为基本原则在立法上做出明确表述并加以细化规定,强化该原则在紧急强制执行和救济途径选择上的适用,将妥当性原则、必要性原则作为司法审查的考量因素,通过案例指导规范比例原则的准确适用,充分发挥其规制行政强制权滥用、保障相对人权益的功能作用。
被譽為行政法“皇冠原則”的比例原則,在行政彊製領域的適用具有深厚的法學理論基礎,是憲政哲學、控權思想和法治理唸在公權力運行中的具體錶現。我國《行政彊製法》對比例原則的引入和適用體現瞭立法機關對公私權益平衡的攷慮和對箇體權利免受非法侵害保護的關註。由于引入時間較短以及具體國情的特殊複雜性,加之原則固有的抽象性、輔助性特點,比例原則在我國法域內的適用程度不夠徹底充分,在規製行政彊製權行使範圍和行使方式方麵尚存在一定跼限性。現階段應將比例原則作為基本原則在立法上做齣明確錶述併加以細化規定,彊化該原則在緊急彊製執行和救濟途徑選擇上的適用,將妥噹性原則、必要性原則作為司法審查的攷量因素,通過案例指導規範比例原則的準確適用,充分髮揮其規製行政彊製權濫用、保障相對人權益的功能作用。
피예위행정법“황관원칙”적비례원칙,재행정강제영역적괄용구유심후적법학이론기출,시헌정철학、공권사상화법치이념재공권력운행중적구체표현。아국《행정강제법》대비례원칙적인입화괄용체현료입법궤관대공사권익평형적고필화대개체권리면수비법침해보호적관주。유우인입시간교단이급구체국정적특수복잡성,가지원칙고유적추상성、보조성특점,비례원칙재아국법역내적괄용정도불구철저충분,재규제행정강제권행사범위화행사방식방면상존재일정국한성。현계단응장비례원칙작위기본원칙재입법상주출명학표술병가이세화규정,강화해원칙재긴급강제집행화구제도경선택상적괄용,장타당성원칙、필요성원칙작위사법심사적고량인소,통과안례지도규범비례원칙적준학괄용,충분발휘기규제행정강제권람용、보장상대인권익적공능작용。
Know n as the crow n principle of the administrative law ,the principle of proportionality has a profound theoretical foundation in the field of administrative enforcement including the constitutional phi-losophy ,the ideology of power domination and the rule of law embodied in the process of the public au-thority working .The introduction and application of the principle of proportionality in our Administrative Enforcement Law reflects the concerns on the balance of the public and private interests and the individual rights against unlawful infringement protected by the legislature .Because of the shorter time of introduc-tion and the special complexity of our national conditions ,coupled with the inherent features of principles , the application of the principle in our jurisdiction is not sufficient .In order to give full regulation on the administrative coercive power and protect the rights and interests of the counterpart ,the principle of pro-portionality should be made as a basic principle clearly in the legislation and regulated in detailed provi-sions .Besides ,we ought to strengthen the enforcement of the principle under the emergency and apply the principle to judicial review .