经济与管理
經濟與管理
경제여관리
ECONOMY AND MANAGEMENT
2014年
5期
32-37
,共6页
行业收入差距%垄断%Shapley值分解
行業收入差距%壟斷%Shapley值分解
행업수입차거%롱단%Shapley치분해
Industry income gap%Monoply%Shapley value decomposition
运用2012年中国劳动力动态调查微观数据，结合Heckman样本选择方法，估计垄断行业和竞争行业的收入方程，结果发现，垄断对行业收入的影响远大于性别、教育、工作经验等个人特征。运用Shapley值分解方法，考察各因素对我国城镇内部行业工资差距的贡献，结果发现，人力资本因素对行业收入差距的贡献最大。分行业看，人力资本因素能够解释垄断行业收入差距的一半左右，管理岗位对竞争行业收入差距的贡献最大，性别因素对竞争行业收入差距的贡献高出垄断行业两倍，非农户口在解释垄断行业收入差距时的贡献要远大于竞争行业。因此，缩小我国行业收入差距，亟需打破行业垄断壁垒，提高劳动者的受教育水平，减轻劳动者地区间流动障碍。
運用2012年中國勞動力動態調查微觀數據，結閤Heckman樣本選擇方法，估計壟斷行業和競爭行業的收入方程，結果髮現，壟斷對行業收入的影響遠大于性彆、教育、工作經驗等箇人特徵。運用Shapley值分解方法，攷察各因素對我國城鎮內部行業工資差距的貢獻，結果髮現，人力資本因素對行業收入差距的貢獻最大。分行業看，人力資本因素能夠解釋壟斷行業收入差距的一半左右，管理崗位對競爭行業收入差距的貢獻最大，性彆因素對競爭行業收入差距的貢獻高齣壟斷行業兩倍，非農戶口在解釋壟斷行業收入差距時的貢獻要遠大于競爭行業。因此，縮小我國行業收入差距，亟需打破行業壟斷壁壘，提高勞動者的受教育水平，減輕勞動者地區間流動障礙。
운용2012년중국노동력동태조사미관수거，결합Heckman양본선택방법，고계롱단행업화경쟁행업적수입방정，결과발현，롱단대행업수입적영향원대우성별、교육、공작경험등개인특정。운용Shapley치분해방법，고찰각인소대아국성진내부행업공자차거적공헌，결과발현，인력자본인소대행업수입차거적공헌최대。분행업간，인력자본인소능구해석롱단행업수입차거적일반좌우，관리강위대경쟁행업수입차거적공헌최대，성별인소대경쟁행업수입차거적공헌고출롱단행업량배，비농호구재해석롱단행업수입차거시적공헌요원대우경쟁행업。인차，축소아국행업수입차거，극수타파행업롱단벽루，제고노동자적수교육수평，감경노동자지구간류동장애。
This paper uses micro data of China Labor-force Dynamic Survey (CLDS) in 2012 and Heckman sample selection model to estimate income equation of monopoly industries and competitive industries, the results find that the impact of monopoly on industry income is far greater than gender, education, experience ect. personal characteristics. After that, we use Shapley value decomposition method to investigate the contribution of each factor on the industry wage differentials. It is found that the contribution of human capital factors on industry income gap is largest in all samples. In terms of industries , human capital factors can explain about half of the income gap in monopoly industries ; management positions of contribution to income gap in competitive industry is the largest. Contribution of gender factor to income gap in competition industries is two times higher than in monopoly industries , non-farm account for income gap of monopoly industries is much larger than competitive industries . Therefore , narrowing the income gap of China's industries , need break the industrial monopoly barriers. In addition, to improve the educational level of employers, reduce inter- regional labor mobility barriers, should be important policy methods to narrow the income gap between the industries.
