中国环境科学
中國環境科學
중국배경과학
CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
2014年
8期
1950-1959
,共10页
李军霞%银燕%李培仁%李润君%晋立军%李劲
李軍霞%銀燕%李培仁%李潤君%晉立軍%李勁
리군하%은연%리배인%리윤군%진립군%리경
气溶胶特性%飞机观测%山西地区
氣溶膠特性%飛機觀測%山西地區
기용효특성%비궤관측%산서지구
aerosol properties%aircraft measurements%Shanxi area
以搭载了多种气溶胶观测仪器的飞机为观测平台,在2013年夏季首次对山西中部地区霾日及晴空大气气溶胶空间分布特性进行了观测,得到气溶胶粒子数浓度和尺度的垂直分布廓线以及不同高度气溶胶粒子谱分布特征。研究发现,山西夏季非降水天气条件下气溶胶粒子以核模态和积聚模态的细粒子为主,粗粒子很少。霾日气溶胶数浓度是晴空的2~3倍,主要是核模态的小粒子;气溶胶粒子数浓度随着高度逐渐减小,低空存在气溶胶累积区,逆温层的存在是导致气溶胶累积区形成的主要原因;气溶胶粒子尺度随高度增加,大粒子主要分布在2500m以上的高空;不同高度上的气溶胶粒子谱均呈双峰或三峰分布,谱型基本一致,从近地面到5000m高空,气溶胶粒子谱随高度的增加略有展宽。观测区域气团后向轨迹模拟结果显示,4000m以上高空气溶胶粒子主要是从中国西北地区远距离输送而来,3000m以下气溶胶粒子则主要来源于近地面排放。
以搭載瞭多種氣溶膠觀測儀器的飛機為觀測平檯,在2013年夏季首次對山西中部地區霾日及晴空大氣氣溶膠空間分佈特性進行瞭觀測,得到氣溶膠粒子數濃度和呎度的垂直分佈廓線以及不同高度氣溶膠粒子譜分佈特徵。研究髮現,山西夏季非降水天氣條件下氣溶膠粒子以覈模態和積聚模態的細粒子為主,粗粒子很少。霾日氣溶膠數濃度是晴空的2~3倍,主要是覈模態的小粒子;氣溶膠粒子數濃度隨著高度逐漸減小,低空存在氣溶膠纍積區,逆溫層的存在是導緻氣溶膠纍積區形成的主要原因;氣溶膠粒子呎度隨高度增加,大粒子主要分佈在2500m以上的高空;不同高度上的氣溶膠粒子譜均呈雙峰或三峰分佈,譜型基本一緻,從近地麵到5000m高空,氣溶膠粒子譜隨高度的增加略有展寬。觀測區域氣糰後嚮軌跡模擬結果顯示,4000m以上高空氣溶膠粒子主要是從中國西北地區遠距離輸送而來,3000m以下氣溶膠粒子則主要來源于近地麵排放。
이탑재료다충기용효관측의기적비궤위관측평태,재2013년하계수차대산서중부지구매일급청공대기기용효공간분포특성진행료관측,득도기용효입자수농도화척도적수직분포곽선이급불동고도기용효입자보분포특정。연구발현,산서하계비강수천기조건하기용효입자이핵모태화적취모태적세입자위주,조입자흔소。매일기용효수농도시청공적2~3배,주요시핵모태적소입자;기용효입자수농도수착고도축점감소,저공존재기용효루적구,역온층적존재시도치기용효루적구형성적주요원인;기용효입자척도수고도증가,대입자주요분포재2500m이상적고공;불동고도상적기용효입자보균정쌍봉혹삼봉분포,보형기본일치,종근지면도5000m고공,기용효입자보수고도적증가략유전관。관측구역기단후향궤적모의결과현시,4000m이상고공기용효입자주요시종중국서북지구원거리수송이래,3000m이하기용효입자칙주요래원우근지면배방。
Aircraft Measurements of aerosol spatial distribution properties in the central region of Shanxi Province were carried out in summer, 2013. The vertical distribution characteristics of aerosol number concentration and size were observed and analyzed, and the spectrum properties of aerosol particles in different height were studied. The results show that most aerosol particles were nucleation mode and accumulation mode on non-precipitation days in Shanxi Prov. in summer. Aerosol number concentration on haze day was 2 or 3 times larger than that on clear days. Aerosol number concentration decreased with altitude. A low-level aerosol accumulation zone was present due to the existence of temperature inversion layer. The mean aerosol particle size increased with height with the larger particles mainly distributed above 2500m. The aerosol particles spectrum usually showed a bimodal or three-modal type. The width of aerosol particles spectrum broadened slightly from ground surface to 5000m. The air mass back trajectory in observation days showed aerosol particles in high level was transported from north-west China over long distance, and aerosol particles below 3000m mainly came from the ground emissions.