CAJ | 학술논문

启蒙的最终目的在于人的自由与解放，它不仅有理性的一面，更关乎人的感性生命。清末主流知识界的启蒙在“救国”的目的论指引下，导致工具理性过度发展，“人”的概念被置换，政治启蒙取代了人性关怀。王国维从生命自身出发，反对清末的功利主义启蒙观，而以予人“精神上之利益”要求学术与文艺，王国维启蒙的核心由此归结于如何处理欲望对人生的挟持这一问题。学界的理性偏至与民众的不觉悟，原因都在于感性与理性的不谐调。王国维倡导游戏说，以审美的游戏来调和相互冲突的感性与理性，以致人性于全，这一思路还原了启蒙的本来面目。
계몽적최종목적재우인적자유여해방，타불부유이성적일면，경관호인적감성생명。청말주류지식계적계몽재“구국”적목적론지인하，도치공구이성과도발전，“인”적개념피치환，정치계몽취대료인성관부。왕국유종생명자신출발，반대청말적공리주의계몽관，이이여인“정신상지이익”요구학술여문예，왕국유계몽적핵심유차귀결우여하처리욕망대인생적협지저일문제。학계적이성편지여민음적불각오，원인도재우감성여이성적불해조。왕국유창도유희설，이심미적유희래조화상호충돌적감성여이성，이치인성우전，저일사로환원료계몽적본래면목。
The ultimate purpose of Enlightenment is freedom and liberation,which has not only the rational side, but more about perceptual life.Under the guideline of saving the nation,Enlightenment of the main intellectual circle in the late Qing dynasty led to the over development of instrumental rationality.The concept of “human”was replaced and Political Enlightenment replaced human caring.Starting from life itself,Wang Guowei opposed the utilitarian view of Enlightenment prevailing in the end of the Qing dynasty,and claimed that academic and lit-erature shall give Human interest in the spirit.The center of Wang Guowei’s Enlightenment thus attributed to this:how to handle the problem of desire holding life.The over development of rationality in the main intellectual circle and consciousness of the masses both are due to the disharmony between the perceptual and the rational. Wang Guowei advocated the “Theory of Play”,which results in a satisfactory humanity through aesthetic play rec-onciling the conflicts between the perceptual and the rational.